樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica)在中国北方10省(区)引种的适宜性

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00073

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 樟子松（Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica）是中国北方常见的针叶乔木，也是沙区人工造林的重要树种。近年来，樟子松在部分地区出现衰退现象，引起学者和公众的广泛关注。为了确定樟子松在中国北方引种的适宜区，通过主成分分析法确定影响樟子松引种的主要气候因子；基于气候相似理论，以呼伦贝尔沙地红花尔基樟子松国家森林公园为固定样本区，采用熵权法确定各气候因子熵权，并计算加权气候相似距，再综合考虑加权气候相似距和土地资源环境因子，划分引种区类型。结果表明：（1）温度是影响樟子松引种的主导气候因子，其次是湿度、光照与海拔，风速对樟子松引种的影响相对较小；（2）将樟子松引种区划分为适宜区、较适宜区、较不适宜区和不适宜区等4个类型区，引种类型区与中国气候区区划存在显著一致性（Kappa=0.7494）；（3）樟子松引种的适宜区主要分布在寒温带湿润大区（ⅠA）、中温带湿润大区（ⅡA）和中温带亚湿润大区（ⅡB），较适宜区主要处于中温带亚干旱地区（ⅡC）和部分中温带湿润大区（ⅡA），较不适宜区主要位于暖温带亚湿润大区（ⅢB）、暖温带干旱大区（ⅢC）和高原地区，不适宜区主要处于中温带干旱大区（ⅡD）、中温带极干旱大区（ⅡE）暖温带极干旱大区（ⅢD）和北亚热带湿润大区（ⅣA）。

关键词: 樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica), 引种, 气候相似理论, 植被重建, 荒漠化防治

Abstract: Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica(MP), one familiar coniferous tree species in northern China,is particularly significant for reforestation in sandy area. In recent years, the MP degradation in some areas attracted wide attention from both scholars and the public. In order to clarify the suitability of MP in northern China,we determined principle climatic factors by principal component analysis. According to climate similarity theory, we regarded Honghuaerji National Forest Park of MP as fixed sample field. With entropy weights calculation, we determined interpolated climatic similarity distances,and divided suitability region with land condition considered. The results show that: (1) thermal factor is the main climatic factors that impact introduction of MP, followed by moisture factor,light and altitude factors, and the influence of wind factor is relatively less. (2)We divided introduction district into suitable area, relatively suitable area, relatively unsuitable area and unsuitable area, there exists significant consistency between introduction division and climatic regionalization (Kappa=0.7494). (3) Suitable area mainly distributes in cold humid region (IA), sub-temperate humid region (IIA) and sub-temperate semi-humid region (IIB), relatively suitable area is mainly in the sub-temperate semi-arid regions (IIC) and part in sub-temperate humid region (IIA), relatively unsuitable area mainly locates in the warm semi-humid region (IIIB), warm arid region (IIIC) and plateau region,unsuitable area mainly distributes in the sub-temperate arid region (IID), sub-temperate extremely-arid region (IIE), temperate extremely-arid zone (IIID) and north sub-tropical humid zone (IVA). The study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the introduction and afforestation of MP.

Key words: Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica, species introduction, climatic analogy, vegetation restoration, desertification combating

中图分类号:

S322

李蒙蒙, 丁国栋, 高广磊, 赵媛媛, 于明含, 王德英. 樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica)在中国北方10省(区)引种的适宜性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(4): 1021-1028.

Li Mengmeng, Ding Guodong, Gao Guanglei, Zhao Yuanyuan, Yu Minghan, Wang Deying. Introduction Suitability of Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica in 10 Northern Provinces of China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(4): 1021-1028.

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