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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 121-130.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00093

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基于标准化地下水指数的酒泉绿洲地下水干旱特征

王楠1a(), 吴丽丽1b(), 温小虎2(), 杨林山2, 尹振良2, 方锦杰3   

  1. 1a.甘肃农业大学,理学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    1b.甘肃农业大学,信息科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.兰州大学 数学与统计学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 修回日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 吴丽丽,温小虎
  • 作者简介:温小虎(E-mail: xhwen@lzb.ac.cn
    吴丽丽(E-mail: Wull@gsau.edu.cn
    王楠(2000—),女,河北人,硕士研究生,从事人工智能与数据挖掘研究。E-mail: wangyaya171@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院先导项目(XDB0720202);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究一期项目(2022-YRUC-01-0601);中国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程项目(YESS20200089);中国科学院青促会会员项目(2022435)

Drought characteristics of groundwater in Jiuquan Oasis based on the standardized groundwater index

Nan Wang1a(), Lili Wu1b(), Xiaohu Wen2(), Linshan Yang2, Zhenliang Yin2, Jinjie Fang3   

  1. 1a.College of Science /, Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    1b.College of Information Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.School of Mathematics and Statistics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2024-06-06 Revised:2024-10-10 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-13
  • Contact: Lili Wu,Xiaohu Wen

摘要:

地下水干旱不仅严重制约着区域的社会经济发展,还给地下水资源管理带来了巨大挑战。以酒泉绿洲为例,根据11个观测井1985—2017年的月地下水位数据,选用6种概率分布函数构建了标准化地下水指数(Standardized Groundwater Index, SGI),并利用K-S检验(Kolmogorov-Smirnov test)和AIC准则(Akaike information criterion)进行分布函数的优选。结果表明:Gev分布和Beta分布在不同时间尺度上均展现出较强的适用性。采用K-Means聚类法将11个观测井的SGI分为持续下降型、下降-上升型以及2002—2006年发生突变型。STL(Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess)分解结果显示,持续下降型观测井的地下水干旱情况由非干旱持续恶化成中度-重度干旱,下降-上升型观测井的地下水干旱情况不显著,2002—2006年发生突变型观测井在经历突变后,地下水干旱情况长期维持在中度-重度水平。此外,地下水观测井SGI的季节峰值集中在冬季的12、2月和春季的3、5月。

关键词: 地下水干旱, 标准化地下水指数, K-Means聚类, STL分解, 酒泉绿洲

Abstract:

Groundwater drought not only severely restricts the socioeconomic development of the region, but also brings great challenges to groundwater resource management. Therefore, in this study, taking Jiuquan Oasis as an example, six different probability distribution functions were selected to construct the standardized groundwater index (SGI) by analysing the monthly groundwater level data of 11 observation wells from 1985 to 2017, and the K-S test and the AIC criterion were used for the preference of the distribution functions. The results show that the Gev function and the Beta function show strong applicability in different time scales. Based on this, this paper adopts K-Means clustering method to classify the SGI of 11 observation wells into three categories: continuously declining type, declining-rising type, and mutation type between 2002 and 2006. The results of the decomposition show that the groundwater drought condition of the "Continuously declining" wells deteriorated from non-drought to moderate-severe drought, the “Declining-rising” wells had insignificant groundwater drought conditions, and the "Mutation between 2002 and 2006" wells maintained the groundwater drought condition at the moderate-severe level for a long period of time after experiencing the mutation. In addition, the seasonal peaks of SGI in groundwater observation wells were concentrated in December and February in winter and in March and May in spring. The results of the study provide a basis for the scientific management of groundwater resources in the Jiuquan oasis.

Key words: groundwater droughts, standardized groundwater index, K-Means clustering method, seasonal-trend decomposition using LOESS method, Jiuquan Oasis

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