img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 34-42.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00098

• • 上一篇    下一篇

沙地生态系统碳循环:奈曼沙漠化研究站19852025年主要研究进展

李玉强1,2,4(), 郑成卓1,2,4, 向宇1,2,4, 牛亚毅1,3, 王旭洋1,2,4, 牟晓明1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,文献情报中心,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-21 修回日期:2025-06-16 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 作者简介:李玉强(1975—),男,甘肃庄浪人,研究员,主要从事干旱区恢复生态学研究。E-mail: liyq@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS000701);国家自然科学基金项目(31971466)

Carbon cycle in sandy ecosystems: major research advances of the Naiman Desertification Research Station from 1985 to 2025

Yuqiang Li1,2,4(), Chengzhuo Zheng1,2,4, Yu Xiang1,2,4, Yayi Niu1,3, Xuyang Wang1,2,4, Xiaoming Mou1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Naiman Desertification Research Station /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Documentation and Information Center, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-05-21 Revised:2025-06-16 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-08-18

摘要:

科尔沁沙地是中国北方半干旱草原地带土地沙漠化演变的典型区域,是国家防沙治沙的核心阵地,也是全球变化背景下陆地生态系统碳循环研究的热点区。位于科尔沁沙地西南部的奈曼沙漠化研究站,是中国科学院在北方农牧交错带建立的专门从事土地沙漠化防治的长期定位观测研究平台。本文聚焦植物-土壤系统碳含量/储量动态、土壤呼吸特征、生态系统碳通量变化以及生态修复固碳效应,梳理了该站建站40年来在科尔沁沙地生态系统碳循环研究方面取得的主要进展。研究揭示了沙漠化正逆过程中植被与土壤碳库的变化特征,认知了区域尺度土壤有机碳时空格局及其驱动机制,确定了土壤呼吸对温湿度的响应阈值及其组分在不同生境的贡献比变化,基于长期通量观测明晰了不同类型生态系统碳汇功能年际变异的主控因子,量化了不同生态修复措施的固碳速率与潜力,并阐释了其固碳机理。这些成果对于深化半干旱风沙区生态修复固碳增汇的途径、过程与机理研究,以及为国家“双碳”目标在生态脆弱区的精准实施提供科学支撑与实践指导具有重要意义。

关键词: 草原风沙区, 沙地生态系统, 植物土壤碳, 碳循环, 碳固存

Abstract:

The Horqin Sandy Land is a typical area of land desertification evolution in the semi-arid grassland region of northern China. It is a core area for national efforts to control desertification and studying the terrestrial ecosystem's carbon cycle in response to global changes. The Naiman Desertification Research Station, located in the southwestern part of the Horqin Sandy Land and established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a long-term observation and research platform. It is dedicated to preventing and controlling land desertification in the northern agro-pastoral transition zone. This paper reviews four decades of the station's research on carbon cycling in the Horqin Sandy Land, with a focus on the following four areas: ①the carbon content and storage dynamics in the plant-soil systems, ②the soil respiration characteristics, ③the ecosystem carbon flux evolution, and ④the carbon sequestration effects of ecological restoration. This research reveals changes in vegetation and soil carbon pools during both desertification progression and reversal, clarifies the spatiotemporal patterns of regional-scale soil organic carbon and its driving mechanisms, and determines the response thresholds of soil respiration to temperature and moisture alongside shifts in the contribution ratios of its components across different habitats. It also identifies the dominant factors controlling the variability of the carbon sink function in diverse ecosystems over time, based on long-term flux observations, and quantifies the carbon sequestration rates and potential of various ecological restoration measures, elucidating their underlying mechanisms. These findings are profoundly significant in deepening our understanding of the pathways, processes, and mechanisms involved in carbon sequestration and sink enhancement through ecological restoration in semi-arid sandy regions. They also provide crucial scientific support and practical guidance for the precise implementation of China's dual-carbon strategy (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality) in ecologically fragile areas.

Key words: grassland wind-sandy area, desert ecosystem, plant-soil carbon, carbon cycle, carbon sequestration

中图分类号: