农业光伏体系耦合滴灌措施对沙漠土壤环境的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00144

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究农业光伏体系对沙漠土壤环境的影响，以库布齐沙漠运行5年的追踪式高支架光伏阵列+红枣体系为研究对象，对比分析滴灌区、无滴灌区及无光伏对照区土壤属性的变化。结果表明：滴灌可补偿无滴灌条件下红枣种植导致的土壤水分亏缺，使其含量恢复至对照水平。光伏区土壤呈现显著的电导率升高（滴灌区+11.8%）及碳酸钙、总磷（滴灌区除外）、有效磷、有效钾含量下降趋势，但滴灌与无滴灌处理间所有化学指标差异不显著。此外，光伏区土壤酶活性显著高于对照区，其中β-葡萄糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性滴灌区显著高于无滴灌区。Mantel检验揭示土壤酶活变化受电导率、有效钾、有效磷等因素的协同调控，Pearson分析进一步证实电导率与有机碳、碳酸钙呈负相关，而有效磷、钾与土壤水分呈正相关。由此可见，滴灌通过促进土壤矿质养分的化学与生物转化过程，在沙漠农业光伏体系中形成有利于作物生长的生物活性微域。

关键词: 干旱区, 太阳能, 滴灌, 碳, 养分

Abstract:

To investigate the impacts of agrivoltaic systems on desert soil environment， this study analyzed soil attribute variations in a 5-year operational tracking high-stilt photovoltaic array + jujube system in the Kubuqi Desert， comparing drip-irrigated， non-irrigated， and non-photovoltaic control areas. The results showed that drip irrigation alleviated soil moisture deficits caused by jujube cultivation under non-irrigated conditions， restoring soil moisture to levels comparable to those of the control. Soils in photovoltaic areas exhibited significant increases in electrical conductivity （+11.8% in the drip-irrigated zone） and declines in calcium carbonate， total phosphorus （except the drip-irrigated zone）， available phosphorus， and available potassium. However， no significant differences in chemical indicators were observed between the drip-irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. Additionally， soil enzyme activities in photovoltaic areas were significantly higher than those in the control， with β-glucosidase and leucine aminopeptidase activities notably elevated in the drip-irrigated zone compared to the non-irrigated zone. Mantel tests revealed that changes in soil enzyme activity were co-regulated by electrical conductivity， available potassium， and available phosphorus. Pearson analysis further confirmed negative correlations between electrical conductivity and organic carbon/calcium carbonate， whereas positive correlations existed between available phosphorus/potassium and soil moisture. Therefore， drip irrigation facilitates crop growth in desert agrivoltaic systems by enhancing the chemical and biological transformation of mineral nutrients， thereby establishing bioactive microzones.

Key words: arid regions, solar energy, drip irrigation, carbon, nutrient

中图分类号:

卫仕奇, 刘银珠, 余启杰, 苏洁琼, 胡亚虎. 农业光伏体系耦合滴灌措施对沙漠土壤环境的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2026, 46(2): 104-112.

Shiqi Wei, Yinzhu Liu, Qijie Yu, Jieqiong Su, Yahu Hu. Effects of agrivoltaic systems coupled with drip irrigation on desert soil environment[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(2): 104-112.

图/表 5

图1 研究区概况

Fig.1 Overview of the study area

图2 土壤物理性质注：SMC为土壤含水量；BD为土壤容重。*为P < 0.05；ns为P > 0.05

Fig.2 Soil physical properties

图3 土壤化学性质注： pH为土壤pH；EC为土壤电导率；SOC为土壤有机碳含量；CaCO3为碳酸钙含量；TP为土壤总磷量；AP为有效磷含量；AN为碱解氮含量；AK为速效钾含量。*为P<0.05；**为P<0.01；***为P<0.001；ns为P>0.05

Fig.3 Soil chemical properties

图4 土壤酶活性注：GLU为β-葡萄糖苷酶；NAG为N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶；LAP为亮氨酸基肽酶；ALP为碱性磷酸酶。*为P<0.05；***为P<0.001；ns为P>0.05

Fig.4 Soil enzyme activity

图5 土壤属性之间的相互关系注：SMC为土壤含水量；BD为土壤容重；pH为土壤pH;EC为土壤电导率;SOC为土壤有机碳含量;CaCO3为碳酸钙含量;TP为土壤总磷量;AP为有效磷含量;AN为土壤碱解氮含量;AK为速效钾含量；GLU为β-葡萄糖苷酶；NAG为N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶；LAP为亮氨酸基肽酶；ALP为碱性磷酸酶

Fig.5 Relationships among soil properties

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