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  • ISSN 1000-694X
  • 双月刊 创刊于1981年
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生物与土壤

沙埋对科尔沁沙地两种主要作物存活的影响及其光合生理响应

  • 曲浩 ,
  • 赵哈林 ,
  • 石永强 ,
  • 高宝兰 ,
  • 李莹 ,
  • 姬明飞 ,
  • 乌仁高娃 ,
  • 李英
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  • 1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 乌拉特后旗林业局, 内蒙古 乌拉特后旗 015543;
    3. 乌拉特后旗草原管理站, 内蒙古 乌拉特后旗 015543;
    4. 南阳师范学院 生命科学与技术学院, 河南 南阳 473000
曲浩(1982-),男,甘肃兰州人,助理研究员,博士,研究方向为植物生态学。E-mail:quhao@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2016-07-04

  修回日期: 2016-08-16

  网络出版日期: 2017-07-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41501572);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500506);内蒙古自治区乌拉特后旗巴音温都尔沙漠沙化土地封禁保护补助试点项目(蒙林规-2015-182)

Effects of Sand Burial on Survival and Photosynthesis Characteristics of Two Main Crops in Horqin Sandy Land

  • Qu Hao ,
  • Zhao Halin ,
  • Shi Yongqiang ,
  • Gao Baolan ,
  • Li Ying ,
  • Ji Mingfei ,
  • Wurengaowa ,
  • Li Ying
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  • 1. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Forestry Bureau of Urad Houqi County, Bayannaoer 015543, Inner Mongolia, China;
    3. Grassland Management Station of Urad Houqi County, Bayannaoer 015543, Inner Mongolia, China;
    4. College of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473000, Henan, China

Received date: 2016-07-04

  Revised date: 2016-08-16

  Online published: 2017-07-20

摘要

为了解沙埋对农作物存活、产量的影响及其光合生理响应特征,在内蒙古科尔沁沙地研究了玉米(Zea mays)和绿豆(Vigna radiata)在不同沙埋深度下第5、10、15天的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率的变化,并于作物生长末期对其存活率及产量进行了测定。结果表明:(1)玉米较绿豆具有较强的耐沙埋能力,埋深等于株高时绿豆全部死亡,玉米仍有12.5%的存活率;(2)埋深超过株高的25%后,玉米和绿豆的产量均显著下降,但玉米的下降幅度明显小于绿豆;(3)随着沙埋胁迫的加剧,两种植物的净光合速率下降,表明沙埋胁迫对植物的光合作用破坏很大。但相比于绿豆,玉米对于沙埋胁迫有着更好的光合适应机理,随着胁迫的时间增加,其净光合速率有所恢复。且可以通过降低蒸腾速率和提高水分利用效率来适应沙埋胁迫。

本文引用格式

曲浩 , 赵哈林 , 石永强 , 高宝兰 , 李莹 , 姬明飞 , 乌仁高娃 , 李英 . 沙埋对科尔沁沙地两种主要作物存活的影响及其光合生理响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017 , 37(4) : 698 -704 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00115

Abstract

In order to understand the effects of sand burial on survival,yield and the photosynthetic response of two main crops in the Horqin Sand Land,net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and water use efficiency of maize (Zea mays) and green bean (Vigna radiata) in different sand burial depths were studied after they were buried 5,10,15 days,survival rate and yield were recorded at the end of the growing period.The results show that:(1) compared to green bean,maize has stronger ability to resist sand burial.12.5% of maize seedlings can survived after burial depth exceeds their plant height,while no seedlings of green bean survived after the burial depth reached to 100% of its seedling height;(2) after the burial depth increased to 25% of seedling height,yield of both maize and green bean decreased,however,the green bean decreased much more than the maize;(3) net photosynthetic rates of two species decreased sharply with increased burial depth,indicating that sand burial was very harmful to the photosynthetic system of plants.However,compared to green bean,maize has better photosynthetic adaptation to sand burial stress by taking stomata closure,decreasing the transpiration rate,increasing the water use efficiency and recovering the net photosynthetic rate to a certain extent when the burial depth and time increased.

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