黑河下游土壤盐分分布特征

赵玉; 冯起; 李会亚

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00127

中国沙漠 >

2017 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1196 - 1203

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00127

生物与土壤

黑河下游土壤盐分分布特征

赵玉 ,
冯起 ,
李会亚

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1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 渭南师范学院农商学院/陕西省河流湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 陕西渭南 714099

赵玉(1987-),女,甘肃金昌人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤盐渍化研究。E-mail:zhaoyu737@163.com

收稿日期: 2016-03-28

修回日期: 2016-08-26

网络出版日期: 2017-11-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31370466）

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Distribution Characteristics of Soil Salts in the Lower Reaches of Heihe River, Northwest China

Zhao Yu ,
Feng Qi ,
Li Huiya

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1. Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. College of Agriculture and Commerce/Key Laboratory for Ecology and Environment of River Wetlands in Shaanxi Province, Weinan Normal Unversity, Weinan 714099, Shannxi, China

Received date: 2016-03-28

Revised date: 2016-08-26

Online published: 2017-11-20

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摘要

采用黑河下游面域土壤信息调研数据，结合层次聚类和地统计分析等方法，探讨黑河下游土壤盐分在水平方向和垂直方向上的变异特征，揭示黑河下游土壤盐渍化的程度和状态。结果表明：研究区土壤盐分表聚特征明显。土壤盐分及离子组分含量存在很强的变异性，变异系数0.42~1.99。黑河下游土壤盐渍化类型主要为氯化物-硫酸盐型，土壤盐渍化程度较为严重，盐土占比高达42.87%。从土壤盐分在水平方向上的变异特征来看，表土层土壤全盐在一定的区域范围内具有空间结构特征，符合球状模型分布，空间分布表现为斑块状格局。从土壤盐分在垂直方向上的变异特征来看，研究区土壤盐分剖面类型可分为表聚型、均匀型、振荡型和底聚型。

关键词： 土壤盐分; 聚类分析; 地统计分析; 黑河

本文引用格式

赵玉 , 冯起 , 李会亚 . 黑河下游土壤盐分分布特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017 , 37(6) : 1196 -1203 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00127

Abstract

Based on the soil salt research data, combined with the hierarchical clustering method and geostatistics method, we analyzed the spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity of topsoil to reveal the degree and status of soil salinization in lower reaches of Heihe River. The soil salinity showed clear surface accumulation characteristics. The soil salinity and ions content have a strong variability, with the variation coefficient changing from 0.42 to 1.99. The main type of soil salinization in the lower reaches of Heihe River is chloride sulfate. The salinization is severe, and salinized soil proportion is as high as 42.87%. From the variation characteristics of soil salinity in the horizontal direction, we know that the soil salinity of topsoil has a strong spatial correlation. The optimal model of variation function is spherical model. Soil salinity was scatted in the study area. Overall, low soil salinity was distributed in the Ejina Oasis and along the river bed, and high salinity was distributed in West Juyan Lake and Gurinai area. From the variation characteristics of soil salinity in the vertical direction, we know that soil salinity profile in the study are can be divided into 4 types, in particular, surface accumulation profiles, equably distribution profiles, oscillation profiles, and bottom accumulation profiles.

Key words： soil salinity; hierarchical clustering method; geostatistics method; Heihe River

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