黑河下游土壤盐分分布特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00127

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用黑河下游面域土壤信息调研数据，结合层次聚类和地统计分析等方法，探讨黑河下游土壤盐分在水平方向和垂直方向上的变异特征，揭示黑河下游土壤盐渍化的程度和状态。结果表明：研究区土壤盐分表聚特征明显。土壤盐分及离子组分含量存在很强的变异性，变异系数0.42~1.99。黑河下游土壤盐渍化类型主要为氯化物-硫酸盐型，土壤盐渍化程度较为严重，盐土占比高达42.87%。从土壤盐分在水平方向上的变异特征来看，表土层土壤全盐在一定的区域范围内具有空间结构特征，符合球状模型分布，空间分布表现为斑块状格局。从土壤盐分在垂直方向上的变异特征来看，研究区土壤盐分剖面类型可分为表聚型、均匀型、振荡型和底聚型。

关键词: 土壤盐分, 聚类分析, 地统计分析, 黑河

Abstract: Based on the soil salt research data, combined with the hierarchical clustering method and geostatistics method, we analyzed the spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity of topsoil to reveal the degree and status of soil salinization in lower reaches of Heihe River. The soil salinity showed clear surface accumulation characteristics. The soil salinity and ions content have a strong variability, with the variation coefficient changing from 0.42 to 1.99. The main type of soil salinization in the lower reaches of Heihe River is chloride sulfate. The salinization is severe, and salinized soil proportion is as high as 42.87%. From the variation characteristics of soil salinity in the horizontal direction, we know that the soil salinity of topsoil has a strong spatial correlation. The optimal model of variation function is spherical model. Soil salinity was scatted in the study area. Overall, low soil salinity was distributed in the Ejina Oasis and along the river bed, and high salinity was distributed in West Juyan Lake and Gurinai area. From the variation characteristics of soil salinity in the vertical direction, we know that soil salinity profile in the study are can be divided into 4 types, in particular, surface accumulation profiles, equably distribution profiles, oscillation profiles, and bottom accumulation profiles.

Key words: soil salinity, hierarchical clustering method, geostatistics method, Heihe River

中图分类号:

S153.4

赵玉, 冯起, 李会亚. 黑河下游土壤盐分分布特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(6): 1196-1203.

Zhao Yu, Feng Qi, Li Huiya. Distribution Characteristics of Soil Salts in the Lower Reaches of Heihe River, Northwest China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(6): 1196-1203.

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