叶片吸水是干旱荒漠人工植被区植物利用小量级降水的主要方式,对缓解植物干旱胁迫具有重要的生态水文学意义。测定了腾格里沙漠人工固沙植被区1956、1964、1981年栽植的柠条(Caragana korshinskii)、油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和花棒(Hedysarum scoparium)叶片单位面积吸水量(LWUC)、叶片含水量增加率(Rw)、叶片水分饱和亏(WSD)、比叶面积(SLA)和叶片干物质含量(LDMC),并分析了它们与叶片水势、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及浅层、深层土壤水分之间的关系。结果表明:柠条、油蒿、花棒的叶片均具有吸收水分的能力,吸水量油蒿>花棒>柠条,LWUC分别为0.249~1.879、0.429~10.009、0.051~4.955 mg·cm-2。LWUC最适合表征植物吸水能力的性状,柠条的LWUC与Rw、LDMC极显著正相关(P<0.01),与SLA显著正相关(P<0.05);油蒿的LWUC与Rw、WSD极显著正相关(P<0.01);花棒的LWUC与Rw、WSD极显著正相关(P<0.01),与SLA显著负相关(P<0\^05)。柠条和油蒿的叶片单位面积吸水量主要受叶片水势的影响,而花棒则受叶片水势和WUE的共同影响,但在不同年代的人工植被区,浅层土壤水分均为主要影响因子。
The foliar water uptake is the main way for plants to use small-scale precipitation in desert revegetated areas, which has important ecological hydrological significance for alleviating drought. The foliar water uptake potential of Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia ordosica and Hedysarum scoparium planted in a revegetated area of the Tengger Desert in 1956, 1964 and 1981 was studied. The leaf water uptake content (LWUC), percentage increase in leaf water content (Rw), leaf water saturation deficit (WSD), specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry material content (LDMC) of three typical sand fixing plants were measured, and analyzed its relationship with leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and shallow and deep soil moisture content. The results showed that the leaves of three typical plants had the capacity of the water uptake. The capacity of the water uptake was: A. ordosica > H. scoparium > C. korshinskii. The LWUC of C. korshinskii, A. ordosica and H. scoparium ranged from 0.249-1.879, 0.429-10.009 and 0.051-4.955 mg·cm-2. LWUC is most suitable for characterizing the capacity of water uptake. LWUC and Rw decreased with the increase of planting vegetation years, while WSD, SLA and LDMC did not change significantly. LWUC was significantly positively correlated with Rw and LDMC of C. korshinskii (P<0.01), and was positively correlated with SLA (P<0.05); LWUC was significantly positively correlated with Rw and WSD of A. ordosica (P<0.01); LWUC was significantly positively correlated with Rw and WSD of H. scoparium (P<0.01), and was negatively correlated with SLA (P<0.05). In general, LWUC of C. korshinskii and A. ordosica is mainly affected by water potential, respectively, and LWUC of H. scoparium is mainly affected by water potential and WUE. The most important influencing factors of different revegetated areas is shallow soil moisture content. The results of the study will deepen our understanding of the strategies for the use of water resources in desert revegetated areas.
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