|
|
|
| Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Water Requirement of Natural Vegetation along the Mainstream of the Tarim River |
| Bai Yuan1,2,3, Xu Hailiang1, Ling Hongbo1,2, Wang Xiyi1,2 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Xinjiang Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Urumqi 830002, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The Tarim River riparian forest is highly prized in the Tarim Basin for its great ecological, economic and social benefits. In a lot of analysis, on the basis of remote sensing, GIS for technical and field surveying support, study on the distribution characteristics of natural vegetation and the water requirement were done by using the methods of buffer analysis. The results show that: (1) The area of natural vegetation is 146.1×104 hm2 (35.18% of the total). The width and abundance of natural vegetation of north bank is larger than that of south bank. (2) The desert riparian forests show a spatially exhibit zonal distribution of centering around river, the distribution of desert riparian forest showed downtrend along with far from the riverbed. The scope of protection of the natural vegetation separate were 4.7～30.1 km, 2.2～24.2 km and 0.8～12.3 km in the effect band, basic band, key band. (3) The total ecological water requirement of natural vegetation was 21.932×108 m3 water, the ecological water requirement of the key band, basic band, effect band were 9.56×108 m3, 14.97×108 m3 and 19.08×108 m3, respectively. According to the distribution characteristics of the desert riparian forest and conservation goals, unified plan and coordinate of water resources should be actual ecological management measures.
|
|
Received: 30 August 2013
Published: 20 September 2014
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
徐海量（Email：xuhl@ms.xjb.ac.cn）
E-mail: xuhl@ms.xjb.ac.cn
|
[1] 陈亚宁,郝兴明,李卫红,等.干旱区内陆河流域的生态安全与生态需水量研究[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(7):732-738.
[2] 韩路,王海珍,陈加利,等.塔里木荒漠河岸林干扰状况与林隙特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(16):4699-4708.
[3] 陈永金,李卫红,刘加珍,等.输水堤防工程对塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林生态系统的影响[J].自然科学进展,2009,19(5):505-512.
[4] 寇思勇,赵成义,李君,等.塔里木河干流荒漠河岸林植物群落多元分析及其土壤环境解释[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(3):156-161.
[5] 夏军,孙雪涛,丰华丽.西部地区生态需水问题研究面临的挑战[J].中国水利,2003,9:57-60.
[6] Gleick P H. Water in crisis:paths to sustainable water use[J].Ecological applications,1998,8(3):571-579.
[7] 贾宝全,慈龙骏.新疆生态用水量的初步估算[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):243-250.
[8] 胡顺军.塔里木河干流流域生态-环境需水研究[D].陕西杨凌：西北农林科技大学,2007.
[9] 王芳,梁瑞驹.中国西北地区生态需水研究 (1)——干旱半干旱地区生态需水理论分析[J].自然资源学报,2007,17(1):1-8.
[10] 张丽,董增川,赵斌.干旱区天然植被生态需水量计算方法[J].水科学进展,2003,14(6):745-748.
[11] Chen Y N,Zhang X L,Zhu X M,et al.Analysis on the ecological benefits of the stream water conveyance to the dried-up river of the lower reaches of Tarim River,China[J].Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences,2004,47(11):1053-1064.
[12] 王让会,卢新民,宋郁东,等.西部干旱区生态需水的规律及特点——以塔里木河下游绿色走廊为例[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(4):520-524.
[13] 叶朝霞,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河下游断流河道最小生态流量研究[J].自然科学进展,2008,18(5):531-537.
[14] 刘新华,徐海量,凌红波,等.塔里木河下游生态需水估算[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1198-1205.
[15] 程国栋,王根绪.干旱内陆流域生态需水量及其估算——以黑河流域为例[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(2):129-134.
[16] 杨爱民,唐克旺,王浩,等.生态用水的基本理论与计算方法[J].水利学报,2004,12(12):39-44.
[17] 姜德娟,王会肖,李丽娟.生态环境需水量分类及计算方法综述[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(4):369-378.
[18] 胡广录,赵文智.干旱半干旱区植被生态需水量计算方法评述[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):6282-6291.
[19] 樊自立,马英杰,张宏,等.塔里木河流域生态地下水位及其合理深度确定[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(1):8-13.
[20] 叶朝霞,陈亚宁,李卫红.基于生态水文过程的塔里木河下游植被生态需水量研究[J].地理学报,2007,62(5):451-461.
[21] 宋郁东,樊自立,雷志栋.中国塔里木河水资源与生态问题研究[M]:乌鲁木齐：新疆人民出版社,2000:249-263.
[22] 王根绪,程国栋.干旱荒漠绿洲景观空间格局及其受水资源条件的影响分析[J].生态学报,2000,20(3):363-368.
[23] 张宏安,姚同山.塔里木河干流治理对天然植被的影响及对策建议[J].中国水土保持科学,2004,2(1):94-97.
[24] 白元,徐海量,刘新华,等.塔里木河干流荒漠河岸林的空间分布与生态保护[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(5):776-785.
[25] 樊自立,徐海量,傅荩仪,等.塔里木河下游生态保护目标和措施[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1191-1197. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2014, Vol. 34 
