|
|
|
| Effects of Seed Density on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Haloxylon ammodendron |
| Wang Guohua1,2, Zhao Wenzhi1 |
1. Laboratory of Heihe River Eco-Hydrology and Basin Science/Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The field experiment was conducted to understand the effects of different density of seed on the seedling emergence and growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under nature conditions. There were six treatments in the seed burial experiment,i.e.,80, 160, 320, 480, 640, 960 seed·m-2, and every treatment had five repeats. We observed the seed germination and seedling growth for the entire growing season. Our results demonstrate that the seedling emergence increased with the seed density. When seed density of H. ammodendron at 1 cm reached to 960 seed·m-2 and the seedling emergence rate was 54%. When the seed density reached to 160 seed·m-2, the seedling survival rate reached to 25%. And then with the increase of seed density the survival rate began to decrease. When the seed density reached to 960 seed·m-2, the survival rate decreased to 11%. In sum, the seed density of 320 seed·m-2 was the optimal seed density. In our study we also found that the seedling height increased with the seed density of 80-480 seed·m-2, then decreased from 640-960 seed·m-2. The seedling height of 480 seed·m-2treatment can reach to 25.9 cm after 1 year, but the seedling height of 960 seed·m-2 treatment was 14.5 cm. From the aspect of seedling number, with the increase of seed density, the seedling number increased.
|
|
Received: 16 June 2014
Published: 20 September 2015
|
|
|
| [1] Thompson K,Grime J P. Seasonal variationin the seed bank of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats[J].Journal of Ecology,1979,67:893-921.[2] Coffin D P,Lauenroth W R.Spatial and temporal variation in the seed bank of semiarid grass land[J].American Journal of Botany,1989,76(1):53-58.[3] 杨允菲,祝玲.松嫩平原盐碱植物群落种子库的比较分析[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(2):144-148.[4] 王刚,梁学功.沙坡头人工固沙区的种子库动态[J].植物学报,1995,37(3):231-237.[5] 刘济明.贵州茂兰喀斯特森林中华蚊母树群落种子库及其萌发特征[J].生态学报,2001,21(2):197-203.[6] Hill M O,St even P A.The density of viable seed of forest plantation in uplands Britain[J].Journal of Ecology,1981,69:693-709.[7] 王刚,梁学功,冯波.沙漠植物的更新生态位:油蒿、柠条、花棒的种子萌发条件的研究[J].西北植物学报,1995,15:102-105.[8] Guo Q,Rundel P W,Goodall D W.Horizontal and vertical distribution of desert seed banks:patterns,causes,and implications[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1998,38:465-478.[9] Guo Q,Rundel P W,Goodall D W.Structure of desert seed banks:Comparisons across four North American desert sites[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1999,42:1-14.[10] Cabin R J,Marshall D L.The demographic role of soil seed banks.I.Spatial and temporal comparisons of below and above ground populations of the desert mustard Lesquerella fendleri[J].Journal of Ecology,2000,88:283-292.[11] Marone,Rossi B E,Casenave J L.Granivore impact on soil seed reserves in the central Montedesert,Argentina[J].Functional Ecology,1998,12:640-645.[12] 刘志民,赵文智,李志刚.西藏雅鲁藏布江中游河谷砂生槐种群种子库特征[J].生态学报,2002,22(5):715-722.[13] 黄振英,Gutterman Y,胡正海,等.白沙蒿种子萌发特性的研究Ⅰ:粘液瘦果的结构和功能[J].植物生态学报,2001,25:22-28.[14] 李荣平,蒋德明,刘志民,等.沙埋对六种植物种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响[J].应用生态学报,2004,15:1865-1868.[15] 史胜青,齐力旺,孙晓梅,等.梭梭抗旱性相关研究现状及对今后研究的建议[J].世界林业研究,2006,19(5):27-32.[16] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第25卷,第二分册:被子植物门)[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.[17] 刘瑛心.中国沙漠植物志(第一卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.[18] 刘家琼,黄子琛,鲁作民.民勤地区梭梭衰亡原因初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1982,2(2):44-46.[19] 陈芳,纪永福,张锦春,等.民勤梭梭人工林天然更新的生态条件[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(9):1691-1695.[20] 王继和,马全林.民勤绿洲人工梭梭林退化现状、特征与恢复对策[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(12):2107-2112.[21] Khan M A,Ungar I A.Influence of salinity and temperature on the germination of Haloxylon recurvum[J].Annals of Botany,1996,78:547-551.[22] Tobe K,Li X,Omasa K.Effects of sodium chloride on seed germination and growth of two Chinese desert shrubs,Haloxylon ammodendron and H.persicum(Chenopodiaceae)[J].Australian Journal of Botany,2000,48:455-460.[23] Wang X Y,Wei Y,Yan Ch,et al.Germination response of two species of Haloxylon to temperature and salinity[J].Arid Zone Research,2004,21(5):58-63.[24] 魏岩,王习勇.果翅对梭梭属种子萌发行为的调控[J].生态学报,2006,26(12):4014-4018.[25] 王锐,孙权,王青凤,等.不同控制条件对沙生植物发芽率的影响[J].林业实用技术,2009,9:10-11.[26] 刘冰.荒漠区灌木对降水脉动响应研究[D].北京:中国科学院,2009.[27] Fenner M,Thompson K.The Ecology of Seeds[M].Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,2005.[28] Bew ley J D,Black M.Seeds Physiology of Deve-lopment and Germination[M].New York,USA:Plenum Press,1994.[29] 赵昕,李玉霖.高温胁迫下冷地型草坪草几项生理指标的变化特征[J].草业学报,2001,10(4):85-91.[30] 夏日帕提力提甫.梭梭种子发芽生理初探[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版),1996,13(3):69-72.[31] Huang Z Y,Zhang X S,Zheng G H,et al.Influence of light,temperature,salinity and storage on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2003,55:453-464.[32] Ren J,Tao L,Liu X M.Effect of sand burial depth on seed germination and seedling emergence of Calligonum L.species[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2002,51(4):603-611.[33] Thompson P A.Seed germination in relation to ecological and geographical distribution[M]//Heywood V A.Taxonmy and Ecology.London,UK:Academic Press,1973.[34] Lloret F,Casanovas C,Penuelas J.Seedling survival of Mediterranean shrubland species in relation to root:shoot ratio,seed size and water and nitrogen use[J].Functional Ecology,1999,13:210-216.[35] Hofmann M,Isselstein J.Effects of drought and competition by a ryegrass sward on the seedling growth of a range of grassland species[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2004,190:277-286. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2015, Vol. 35 
