Numerical simulation on wind-sand two-phase dynamic characteristic of sand-blocking fences in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00064

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 22-32.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00064

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Numerical simulation on wind-sand two-phase dynamic characteristic of sand-blocking fences in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

Qizhi Zhou¹(), Yang Zhao¹^,², Guanglei Gao¹^,²(), Guodong Ding¹^,², Ying Zhang¹

^1.School of Soil and Water Conservation Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation，Beijing Forestry University，Beijing 100083，China
^2.Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert，Beijing Forestry University，Beijing 100083，China

Received:2020-03-13 Revised:2020-06-07 Online:2020-12-09 Published:2020-12-09
Contact: Guanglei Gao

Abstract

Abstract:

The Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is seriously affected by wind-sand disasters. Therefore， scientific assessment and systematic optimization of the protection system are of important significance to provide a firm basis for the safe operation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Based on the field investigation and computational fluid dynamics， the wind-sand two-phase flow around sand-blocking fences was simulated using the Eulerian Model. The results indicated that：（1） The effective protection area was 65.34% without sediment deposition behind the fences. With the deposition， the protective benefits gradually diminish after the deposit location antedisplacement. （2） The flow field was divided into 7 regions， and the sediments deposited in the dissipation and vortex effect area. （3） The sand particles began to deposit within 1-1.5 times of the fence’s height affecting by vortex effect. Furthermore， the accumulative deposition after the second fence was larger than the first one. （4） A new sand-blocking fence was proposed characterized by the slant upper structure and microporous bottom. This fence moved the deposition location backward for 1.47 times than the original fence and increased 1.32 times for the effective protection distance. The vorticity is closely related to the sand-blocking fence structure. The subgrade is at a high risk of sand burial due to the energy consumption and sediment deposition around the fence. This study provides a theoretical basis and scientific support for the railway protection system against wind-sand disasters.

Key words: wind-sand disaster, computational fluid dynamics, protection system, vortex effect

CLC Number:

X169

Qizhi Zhou, Yang Zhao, Guanglei Gao, Guodong Ding, Ying Zhang. Numerical simulation on wind-sand two-phase dynamic characteristic of sand-blocking fences in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(6): 22-32.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Control measures of wind-sand disaster in the Cuona section of QTR

Table 1 Specific parameter setting in numerical simulation

参数	数值	参数	数值
地表、挡沙墙表面粗糙度/m	0.05	空气密度/（kg·m^-3）	0. 752
路基表面粗糙度/m	0.08	空气黏度/（Pa·s）	1.6347×10^-5
湍流强度	0.24	气压/Pa	56 600
湍流耗散率	0.5	沙粒密度/（kg·m^-3）	2650
温度/K	256.95	平均粒径/m	1×10^-4
重力加速度/（m·s^-2）	9.79	沙相比例/%	0.02

Fig.2 YZ characteristic section (The sand-blocking fence height 2 m width 1.8 m model consist of three fences, the origin is located in the middle of the fourth cross section from left to right, the solid line is Z=-1.975 m XY section)

Fig.3 Comparison between wind tunnel and numerical simulation

Fig.4 Flow field of XY characteristic section (A.Air flow filed of Z=0 m plane, B. Air flow filed of Z=-0.9 m plane, C. Air flow filed of Z=-1.975 m plane, D.averaged air flow filed of computational domain)

Fig.5 XY characteristic section of time-varying flow field (A) and time-varying sand volume fraction (B)

Fig.6 Velocity function division of flow field (Ⅰ.Initial velocity region，Ⅱ.Velocity reduction region，Ⅲ.Accelerate and uplift region，Ⅳ.Velocity recovery region，Ⅴ.Dissipate and decelerate region，Ⅵ.Sediment and vortex region，Ⅶ.Slit accelerate region)

Fig.7 Characteristic value on Y cutting line around the first fence

Fig.8 Dimensionless constant on Y cutting line around the first fence

Fig.9 Sand sediment volume of the first sand-blocking fence (A) and the second sand-blocking fence (B)

Fig.10 New sand-blocking fence

Fig.11 Flow field of new sand-blocking fence under extreme gale weather

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Numerical simulation on wind-sand two-phase dynamic characteristic of sand-blocking fences in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

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