The applicable analysis of PDSI and self_calibrating PDSI drought indices in southwest China

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00025

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 242-252.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00025

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The applicable analysis of PDSI and self_calibrating PDSI drought indices in southwest China

Linlin Song¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), Qiang Zhang⁴^,⁵, Yulong Ren⁶, Yiping Li⁶, Lanying Han⁷, Yuanpu Liu⁶, Suping Wang⁶

^1.State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics，Institute of Atmospheric Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Atmosphere Sounding，China Meteorological Administration，Chengdu 610225，China
^4.Meteorology Bureau of Gansu，Lanzhou 730020，China
^5.College of Atmospheric Science，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，China
^6.Laboratory of Arid Monitoring，Warning and Prediction，Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology，China Meteorological Administration，Lanzhou 730020，China
^7.Northwest Regional Climate Center，Lanzhou 730020，China

Received:2020-12-03 Revised:2021-03-03 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-03-26

Abstract

Abstract:

The southwestern region is one of the areas where drought disasters frequently occur in China. Under the background of global warming， the frequency and degree of droughts have increased， posing threats to agricultural production and water security. The Palmer drought Severity Index （PDSI） and the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index （sc_PDSI）， which was developed based on PDSI have been widely used as mature ones. In this paper， the correspondence between soil species and available water holding capacity （AWC） included in the soil AWC geospatial model was used to inverse the high resolution AWC distribution in the southwest region. And the monthly mean temperature， as well as the monthly cumulative precipitation data of 70 stations in Southwest China were also used to calculate the PDSI index and sc_PDSI Index. Further comparative analysis of time-varying characteristics of the two indexes themselves and the statistical distribution properties， as well as the discussion of the applicability of both drought indexes in the Southwest area drought monitoring， were also included. The results show that：（1） Both PDSI and sc_PDSI reflect the “drought trend” of Southwest area during 1965-2010， but PDSI is of greater fluctuation amplitude；（2） There’s ‘tail’ phenomenon in PDSI frequency distribution， showing that the frequency of extreme drought / moist event it monitored is higher than that of severe drought / wet event， while the frequency distribution of sc_PDSI is closer to normal distribution；（3） The monitoring results of the two indexes during the 2009/2010 drought event in southwest area show that， to a certain extent， sc_PDSI is superior to PDSI in the monitoring of drought area and drought level， and is more consistent with soil moisture results， while PDSI is more likely to over-estimate the drought；（4） Although in general sc_PDSI adjusts PDSI to some extent， which makes sc_PDSI as superior， there’s no adjustment in the specific area（tropical monsoon climate）. So area factor should be taken into account in any application of these indexes.

Key words: southwest China, PDSI, sc_PDSI, drought index

CLC Number:

P429

Linlin Song, Qiang Zhang, Yulong Ren, Yiping Li, Lanying Han, Yuanpu Liu, Suping Wang. The applicable analysis of PDSI and self_calibrating PDSI drought indices in southwest China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(2): 242-252.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Study area terrain height (unit: m) and the locations of typical metrological stations (Daofu, Zunyi, Mengla)

Table 1 Grade of PDSI index

PDSI指数值	等级	PDSI指数值	等级	PDSI指数值	等级
$≥$ 4.00	极端湿润	1.00—1.99	轻微湿润	-2.99—-2.00	中等干旱
3.00—3.99	严重湿润	-0.99—0.99	正常	-3.99—-3.00	严重干旱
2.00—2.99	中等湿润	-1.99—-1.00	轻微干旱	≤-4.00	极端干旱

Table 1 Grade of PDSI index

PDSI指数值	等级	PDSI指数值	等级	PDSI指数值	等级
$≥$ 4.00	极端湿润	1.00—1.99	轻微湿润	-2.99—-2.00	中等干旱
3.00—3.99	严重湿润	-0.99—0.99	正常	-3.99—-3.00	严重干旱
2.00—2.99	中等湿润	-1.99—-1.00	轻微干旱	≤-4.00	极端干旱

Fig.2 Time series of 70-station averaged PDSI and averaged sc_PDSI (A), as well as their bias (B)

Fig.3 Time serious of PDSI and sc_PDSI (left column) of three stations involved in the 2009/2010 drought event in southwest area, and their biases (right column)

Fig.4 PDSI and sc_PDSI frequency of Daofu (A), Zunyi (B), Mengla (C) stations and 70-station average (D)

Fig.5 Soil moisture, PDSI, sc_PDSI and frequency distributions of the two indexes in 2009-2010 drought event

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The applicable analysis of PDSI and self_calibrating PDSI drought indices in southwest China

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