Aeolian sand transport and its potential amount into Longyangxia Reservoir in 1987-2019 based on COSI-Corr

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00154

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 249-261.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00154

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Aeolian sand transport and its potential amount into Longyangxia Reservoir in 1987-2019 based on COSI-Corr

Mei Shao¹^,²(), Wanyin Luo¹(), Xuehua Che¹^,², Fang Wang¹, Junfeng Lu¹, Songbing Zou³

^1.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
^3.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，China

Received:2021-10-09 Revised:2021-11-04 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-12-17
Contact: Wanyin Luo

Abstract

Abstract:

Aeolian sand invasion has negative effect on the Yellow River and Longyangxia reservoirs. It is of great significance to sort out the provenance and the potential amount of sand transported into the reservoir to reduce the aeolian sandy hazards. In this study， the dune migrating trends were monitored and the potential amount of sand transported into the Longyangxia reservoir was evaluated using the Co-registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation （COSI-Corr） technique based on the Landsat images in 1987， 1995， 2003， 2013 and 2019. The results revealed that：（1） The mean annual dune migration rates upwind the study area was 5.81 m·a^-1， with a trend of increasing from 1987 to 2003， then decreasing from 2003-2013 and increasing finally from 2013 to 2019. The dune migration directions were ranged from 132.81° to 165.82° during the 32 years， consisting well with the local prevailing wind. （2） The total potential amount of sand transported into the Longyangxia Reservoir from 1987 to 2019 was 7.82×10⁷ m³（1.20×10⁸ t）. The upwind Talatan sandy land contributed 7.38×10⁷ m3 （1.14×10⁸ t） sand into the reservoir， while the downwind Mugetan sandy land only contributed 0.44×10⁷ m3 （0.68×10⁷ t）. （3） The factors that affect the sand into the reservoir include the wind， climate and vegetation cover. With the future global warming on the Tibet Plateau， the intensity of aeolian activity will increase， therefore the long-term sand cumulative damage will seriously threaten the security of the reservoir area according to our evaluation， which must be paid enough attention and take some necessary actions to control it.

Key words: Longyangxia Reservoir, aeolian activity, potential sand amount transported into the reservoir, COSI-Corr

CLC Number:

P931.3

Mei Shao, Wanyin Luo, Xuehua Che, Fang Wang, Junfeng Lu, Songbing Zou. Aeolian sand transport and its potential amount into Longyangxia Reservoir in 1987-2019 based on COSI-Corr[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(6): 249-261.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Landscape and sand transport corridors around Longyangxia Reservoir （A： The sand transport corridors of major sand areas， and Ⅰ—Ⅹ represent the different sandy land areas. Figure B and C represent the sand source in different area， figure B shows the dune in ErTala， figure C represents the mega-blowout in SanTala； Figure D represents the sand storm monitored by satellite； Figure E and F are the current situation of sand transported into the reservoir. In the southeast side of the reservoir area （Mugetan sandy-land）， continuous dunes are distributed， which are more mature， while in the northwest side of the reservoir area （Talatan sandy-land）， dunes are scattered， lightly developed and with low dune height）

Table 1 The parameters of metadata used for COSI-Corr calculating around Longyangxia Reservoir

卫星影像名称	时间	波段	分辨率/m	太阳高度角/（°）	太阳方位角/（°）	云量/%
LT51330351987227BJC00	1987-08-15	4	30	55.09	120.72	4
LT51330351995217CLT00	1995-08-05	4	30	52.55	110.59	7
LT51330352003255BJC00	2003-09-12	4	30	50.46	137.21	13
LC81330352013106LGN01	2013-04-16	4	30	58.32	139.17	0.19
LC08_L1TP_133035_20190722_20190801_01_T1	2019-07-22	4	30	64.81	122.50	18.42

Fig.2 The comparation of dune height extracted by DSM data generated by UAV-SfM and the interpolation method

Fig.3 The relationship between the dune height and dune movement speed

Fig.4 The principle of the calculation of potential sand amount transported into the Longyangxia Reservoir

Fig.5 Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of dune movement around Longyangxia Reservoir from 1987 to 2019 using COSI-Corr （A， D， G and J are the vector diagrams of the moving rate and direction of dunes in the local area of upwind； B， E， H and K are the vector diagrams of the dune movement of the study area in1987-1995， 1995-2003， 2003-2013 and 2013-2019； C， F， I and L are the vector diagrams of the migration rate and direction of dunes in the local area of downwind）

Fig.6 Spatial and temporal distribution of sand flux around Longyangxia Reservoir

Table 2 The parameters in the calculation of potential amount of sand transported into the Longyangxia Reservoir

区域	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	Ⅵ	Ⅶ	Ⅷ₁	Ⅷ₂	Ⅸ	Ⅹ
L_k/m	12 309	13 325	13 965	7 318	8 413	4 232	3 845	9 624	9 649	7 729	18 664
a_k 1987—1995	0.77	0.83	0.80	0.80	0.84	0.74	0.99	0.86	0.91	0.90	0.08
a_k 1995—2003	0.70	0.75	0.73	0.75	0.72	0.61	0.94	0.77	0.87	0.80	0.11
a_k 2003—2013	0.61	0.73	0.74	0.64	0.78	0.70	0.94	0.87	0.91	0.92	0.07
a_k 2013—2019	0.61	0.65	0.69	0.73	0.69	0.53	0.66	0.83	0.79	0.52	0.09
b_k	0.46	0.41	0.54	0.31	0.35	0.18	0.17	0.3	0.3	1	1

Fig.7 The spatial and temporal characteristics of potential amount of sand transported into the reservoir （The pie chart showed the total potential amount of sand transported into the reservoir in each period； the histogram showed the annual potential amount of sand transported into the reservoir）

Fig.8 Factors influencing sand transportation （A： The trend change of vegetation cover and dune migration rate； B： The trend change of annual wind speed and dune migration rate； C： The trend change of annual precipitation and dune migration rate； D： The trend change of annual temperature and dune migration rate. The blue dotted arrow represents the change trend of each factor）

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Aeolian sand transport and its potential amount into Longyangxia Reservoir in 1987-2019 based on COSI-Corr

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