Characterization and traceability of black carbon aerosol mass concentration on the Pamir Plateau

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00108

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 66-77.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00108

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Characterization and traceability of black carbon aerosol mass concentration on the Pamir Plateau

Chengxin Tang¹^,²(), Yongde Kang²^,³, Hongna Chen⁴, Xintian Du¹^,², Minzhong Wang², Qing He², Tao Liu⁵, Xinchun Liu²()

^1.College of Ecology and Environment，Xinjiang University，Urumqi 830046，China
^2.Taklamakan National Station of Field Scientific Observation and Research for Desert Meteorology in Xinjiang / Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm / China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Physical and Chemical Research on Tree Annuli，Institute of Desert Meteorology，China Meteorological Administration，Urumqi 830002，China
^3.Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China
^4.Urumqi Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station，Urumqi 830011，China
^5.Meteorological Bureau of Tashkurgan County，Tashkurgan 845250，Xinjiang，China

Received:2023-05-29 Revised:2023-07-15 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-19
Contact: Xinchun Liu

Abstract

Abstract:

As a key region in the construction of "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor"，the Pamir Plateau is adjacent to the arid and semi-arid desert zone， which is seriously desertified and prone to sand. In order to investigate the concentration variation characteristics and potential source areas of black carbon （BC） on the Pamir Plateau at different time scales， continuous observations of BC concentrations on the Pamir Plateau from March 2019 to December 2022 were conducted using the AE-33 black carbon monitor， and cluster analysis， potential source contribution factor analysis （PSCF） and concentration weight trajectory analysis （CWT） were performed on BC during the observation period using the HYPSLIT model. The results show that：（1） The BC concentration from March 2019 to December 2022 shows a fluctuating decreasing trend with low BC emissions and high air cleanliness. The daily changes show a bimodal distribution with peaks occurring at 09:00 am and 20:00 pm， respectively. （2） BC concentrations show a seasonal pattern in winter （713.33±126.16 ng·m^-3）>autumn （648.00±70.23 ng·m^-3）> spring （403.33±30.64 ng·m^-3） > summer （390.67±32.89 ng·m^-3）， with offshore pollution emissions and seasonal changes in the natural environment being the main reason for the variation of BC concentration. （3） BC concentration is correlated with meteorological element temperature （r=-0.522）， wind speed （r=-0.427） and humidity （r=0.345） at a high level of significance. （4） There is significant seasonal variation in BC concentrations on the Pamir Plateau， which is affected by long distance transport. Potential sources are concentrated in northern Pakistan and Kashmir in spring （WPSCF > 0.6， WCWT > 600 ng·m^-3）； Potential sources are concentrated in Surkhandarya of Uzbekistan， Dushanbe and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblasts of Tajikistan in autumn （WPSCF > 0.7， WCWT > 800 ng·m^-3）. There are obvious spatial and temporal concentration variations of BC on the Pamir Plateau， and its potential source are mainly from outside the country due to meteorological factors and long-distance transport.

Key words: black carbon, Pamir Plateau, backward trajectory model, potential source

CLC Number:

P421

Chengxin Tang, Yongde Kang, Hongna Chen, Xintian Du, Minzhong Wang, Qing He, Tao Liu, Xinchun Liu. Characterization and traceability of black carbon aerosol mass concentration on the Pamir Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(2): 66-77.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Overview of the study area

Fig.2 Diurnal variation of black carbon concentration in Pamir Plateau

Fig.3 Time series of black carbon concentration in Pamir Plateau

Fig.4 Relative frequency distribution of black carbon daily average concentration in Pamir Plateau

Fig.5 Monthly variation of black carbon concentration in Pamir Plateau

Fig.6 Seasonal variation of black carbon concentration in Pamir Plateau

Fig.7 Monthly and seasonal changes of black carbon concentration and meteorological elements in Pamir Plateau in 2020

Table 1 Correlation coefficient between black carbon concentration and meteorological elements in Pamir Plateau in 2020

时间	风速	降水量	湿度	温度	气压
春季	0.058	0.680^*	-0.116	-0.150	0.005
夏季	-0.004	-0.266	0.059	0.061	-0.040
秋季	0.164	-0.122	0.075	0.063	0.179
冬季	-0.351^**	0.939^**	0.216^*	-0.417^**	-0.218^*
全年	-0.427^**	0.097	0.345^**	-0.522^**	-0.021

Fig.8 Cluster distribution of backward trajectory of black carbon in Pamir Plateau in each season

Fig.9 Seasonal distribution of black carbon potential source in Pamir Plateau

Fig.10 Seasonal distribution of black carbon concentration weight trajectory in Pamir Plateau

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Characterization and traceability of black carbon aerosol mass concentration on the Pamir Plateau

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