The tree-ring chronologies were established according to samples from Boertala River basin, west slope of Tianshan Mountains. Single correlation indicated that the correlations were relatively significant between the 24 tree-ring chronologies and the monthly average temperature from July to August, and the maximum correlation coefficient was -0\^516. Using the 3 tree-ring residual chronologies in Ranbuersayi(t+2), Tielimensayi(t+1)and Ahexiate(t+2), the monthly average temperature sequence in the recent 461 years was well reconstructed, and the reconstructed equation was stable by crossing-test. We found out that, by analyzing the temperature sequences, the reconstructed temperature sequence in the recent 461 years has 27 warm periods above its mean and 28 cold periods bellow its mean. The monthly average reconstructed temperature sequence from July to August in the recent 461 years in Boertala River basin had the significant changing periods of 11-year, 12-year, 13-year, 22-year, 27-year, 40-year, 72-year, 93-year, 94-year, 95-year, 146-year, and 147-year. The abruptly change of temperature occurred in year 1696, 1838, 1842, and 1962.