| 生物土壤与生态 |
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| Effects of Fertilization on Grain Yield and Nitrate Accumulation in Oasis Sandy Farmland in Middle Heihe River Basin |
| YANG Rong, SU Yong-zhong |
| Linze Inland River Basin Comprehensive Research Station & Hydrology and Ecology Laboratory of Watershed, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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Abstract A field experiment was conducted on sandy farmland to determine the effects of different fertilization on maize yield, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (AE), content, and accumulation of nitrate-N in soil profiles of 0~300 cm. Twenty-seven plots in which include nine treatments and 3 replicates were designed. The maize was harvested for grain yield and straw yield in 2007. After maize harvest, the soil was sampled from the 0~300 cm depths to determine NO-3-N content. The maize yield decreased in the order of NPK3M1(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 300-225-225-15 000 kg·hm-2)>NPK2M2(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 225-135-135-22 500 kg·hm-2)>NPK3(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 300-225-225-0 kg·hm-2)>NP1M3(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 150-90-0-30 000 kg·hm-2)>NP3(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 300-225-0-0 kg·hm-2)>NPK1M3（N-P2O5-K2O-M, 150-90-90-30 000 kg·hm-2)>NPK2(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 225-135-135-0 kg·hm-2)>NPK1(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 150-90-90-0 kg·hm-2)>M3(N-P2O5-K2O-M, 0-0-0-30 000 kg·hm-2) [N-nitrogen, P-phosphorus, K-potassium, M-farmyard manure application]. Compared with only treatment M, maize yield was 37.68%, 33.43%, 28.32%, 25.10%, 24.60%, 23.84%, 21.46%, 11.30% higher respectively. Among three treatments of N-P-K without M, maize yield and AE increased with increase of fertilizer rate, and ceased until 225-135-135 kg hm-2(N-P2O5-K2O) were supplied. On the contrary, AE decreased with increase of fertilizer rate in treatments of N-P-K with M; accumulation and distribution of NO-3-N in soil was significantly affected by application of manure fertilizer. Soil layer between 0~40 cm is the main layer of NO-3-N distribution affected by soil texture. Application of manure, especially combination of chemical fertilizer with manure increased soil NO-3-N content as compared to chemical fertilizer alone. These suggest that it is important to balance the application of chemical fertilizer and manure so as to protect soil and underground water from potential NO-3-N pollution and keep high productivity in oasis agro-ecosystem.
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Received: 06 October 2008
Published: 20 January 2010
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2010, Vol. 30 
