| 生物土壤与生态 |
|
|
|
|
| Response of Soil Moisture to Rainfall Pulse in Desert Region of the Heihe River Basin |
| LIU Bing, ZHAO Wen-zhi, CHANG Xue-xiang, LI Shou-bo |
| Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Laboratory of Heihe River Eco-Hydrology and Basin Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The meteorological data were collected at the desert-oasis ecotones to study rainfall characteristics and response of soil moisture to rainfall pulse in desert regions of the Heihe River basin. The results indicated that the rainfall pattern was characterized as rainfall pulse in arid regions. Soil moisture differed significantly before and after rainfall, and decreased gradually with increasing of the soil depth in desert regions. Soil moisture differed significantly for different rainfall volumes, soil depths, before and after rainfall, and the interactive effects (P<0.0001), which indicated that the response of soil moisture to rainfall pulse, was significant. Rainfall pulse led to a sharp increase of soil water content after rainfall, then decreased slowly under the conditions of evapotranspiration until rainfall supplement. The variation pattern of time series for soil moisture before and after rainfall can be fitted to semivariograms models. The structural ratios (C/(C0+C)) of soil water content were bigger than 0.910, and there was possibility that the spatial heterogeneity mainly resulted from structural reason since the stochastic variation is smaller than the structural variation, which can reflect that there was a quite strong autocorrelation pattern for soil moisture in time scales. Rainfall pulse decreased the difference of spatial structure for soil moisture, and it led to decrease of the spatial heterogeneity in time series.
|
|
Received: 24 September 2010
Published: 20 May 2011
|
|
|
[1]Weltzin J F,Tissue D T.Resource pulses in arid environments-patterns of rain,patterns of life[J].New Phytol,2002,157:171-173.
[2]Schwinning S,Sala O E.Hierarchy of responses to resource pulses in and semi-arid ecosystems[J].Oecologia,2004,141:211-220.
[3]Sala O E,Lauenroth W K.Small rainfall events:an ecological role in semiarid regions[J].Oecologia,1982,53(3):301-304.
[4]Sala O E,Lauenroth W K,Parton W J.Plant recovery following prolonged drought in a shortgrass steppe[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1982,27:49-58.
[5]Loik M E,Breshears D D,Lauenroth W K,et al.A multi-scale perspective of water pulses in dryland ecosystems:climatology and ecohydrology of the western USA[J].Oecologia,2004,141(2):269-281.
[6]Schwinning S,Davis K,Richardson L,et al.Deuterium enriched irrigation indicates different forms of rain use in shrub/grass species of the Colorado Plateau[J].Oecologia,2002,130:345-155.
[7]Golluscio R A,Sala O E,Lauenroth W K.Differential use of large summer rainfall events by shrubs and grasses:A manipulative experiment in the Patagonian steppe[J].Oecologia,1998,115(1-2):17-25.
[8]Cheng X L,An S Q,Li B,et al.Summer rain pulse size and rainwater uptake by three dominant desert plants in a desertified grassland ecosystem in northwestern China[J].Plant Ecology,2006,184(1):1-12.
[9]魏雅芬,郭柯,陈吉泉.降雨格局对库布齐沙漠土壤水分的补充效应[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(6):1346-1355.
[10]何志斌,赵文智.半干旱地区流动沙地土壤湿度变异及其对降水的依赖[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(4):359-362.
[11]Reynolds J F,Kemp P R,Ogle K,et al.Modifying the ‘pulse-reserve’ paradigm for deserts of North America:Precipitation pulses,soil water,and plant responses[J].Oecologia,2004,141:194-210.
[12]Beatley J.Phenological events and their environmental triggers in Mojave desert ecosystems[J].Ecology,1974,55:856-863.
[13]Schwinning S,Sala O E.Hierarchy of responses to resource pulses in and semi-arid ecosystems[J].Oecologia,2004,141:211-220.
[14]原鹏飞,丁国栋,王炜炜,等.毛乌素沙地降雨入渗和蒸发特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(4):23-27.
[15]李新荣,张志山,王新平,等.干旱区土壤-植被系统恢复的生态水文学研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(5):845-851.
[16]Sharma K D.Water resources:An overview of world deserts[J].Annuals of Arid Zone,1991,30(4):283-300.
[17]刘元博,陈荷生,高前兆.沙地水分动力学研究新视角[J].中国沙漠,1997,17(1):95-98.
[18]赵文智,刘志民,常学礼.奈曼沙区植被土壤水分状况的研究[J].干旱区研究,1992,9(3):40-44.
[19]王志,王蕾,刘连友,等.毛乌素沙地沙丘干沙层水分特征初步研究[J].干旱区研究,2006,23(1):89-92.
[20]赵学勇,左小安,赵哈林.科尔沁不同类型沙地土壤水分在降水后的空间变异性[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(2):275-281.
[21]左小安,赵学勇,赵哈林.科尔沁沙地沙质草场土壤水分对干旱和降雨相应的空问变异性[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(1):140-144.
[22]王少昆,赵学勇,左小安,等.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿灌丛下土壤水分对降雨响应的空间变异性[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(3):389-393.
[23]赵文智.科尔沁沙地人工植被对土壤水分异质性的影响[J].土壤学报,2002,39(1):113-119.
[24]潘颜霞,王新平,苏延桂,等.荒漠人工固沙植被区浅层土壤水分动态的时间稳定性特征[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(1):81-86.
[25]Dougherty R L,Lauenroth W K,Singh J S.Response of a grassland cactus to frequency and size of rainfall events in a North American shortgrass steppe[J].Journal of Ecology,1996,84:177-183.
[26]Sala O E,Lauenroth W K.Small rainfall events:an ecological role in semiarid regions[J].Oecologia,1982,53(3):301-304.
[27]McAuliffe J R.The interface between precipitation and vegetation [M]//Weltzin J F,McPherson G R.Changing Precipitation Regimes and Terrestrial Ecosystems.Tucson:University of Arizona Press,2003:9-27.
[28]Eltahir E A B.A soil moisture rainfall feedback mechanism:Theory and observations[J].Water Resource Research,1998,34(4):765-776.
[29]Findell K,Eltahir E A B.An analysis of the soil moisture-rainfall feedback,based on direct observations from Illinois[J].Water Resource Research,1997,33(4):725-735.
[30]郭柯,董学军,刘志茂.毛乌素沙地沙丘土壤含水量特点——兼论老固定沙地上油蒿衰退原因[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):375-379.
[31]Loik M E,Breshears D D,Lauenroth W K,et al.A multi-scale perspective of water pulses in dryland ecosystems:Climatology and ecohydrology of the western USA[J].Oecologia,2004,141:269-281.
[32]Kobayashi T,Matsuda A,Kamichika M.Studies of the dry surface layer in a sand dune field(1) Modeling of the dry surface layer of sand under isothermal steady conditions[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1986,42(2):113-118.
[33]Noy-Meir I.Desert ecosystems:Environment and producers[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,4:25-52.
[34]Monson R K,Smith S D.Seasonal water potential components of Sonoran Desert plants[J].Ecology,1982,63:113-123.
[35]Schlesinger W H,Fonteyn P J,Marion G M.Soil moisture and plant transpiration in the Chihuahuan desert of New Mexico[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1987,12:119-126.
[36]Grayson R B,Western A W,Chiew H S,et al.Preferred states in spatial soil moisture pattern:local and nonlocal controls[J].Water Resource Research,1997,33:2897-2908.
[37]Fitzjohn C,Ternan J L,Williams A G.Soil moisture variability in a semi-arid gully catchment:Implications for runoff and erosion control[J].Catena,1998,32:55-70.
[38]Brocca L,Morbidelli R,Melone F,et al.Soil moisture spatial variability in experimental areas of central Italy[J].Journal of Hydrology,2007,333:356-373. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2011, Vol. 31 
