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中国沙漠 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1492-1500.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00215

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地散射辐射特征

买买提艾力·买买提依明1,2, 缪启龙1, 金莉莉1, 何 清2, 李振杰3   

  1. 1.南京信息工程大学 应用气象学院, 江苏 南京 210044;
    2.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    3.临沧市气象局, 云南 临沧 677099
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-27 修回日期:2013-03-08 出版日期:2013-09-20 发布日期:2013-03-08

Characteristics of Diffuse Radiation at Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert

Ali Mamtimin1,2, MIAO Qi-long1, JIN Li-li1, HE Qing2, LI Zhen-jie3   

  1. 1.College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2.Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002,China;
    3.Lincang Meteorological Bureau, Lincang 677099, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2013-01-27 Revised:2013-03-08 Online:2013-09-20 Published:2013-03-08

摘要:

本文利用塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站2010年总辐射、散射辐射、直接辐射观测资料分析了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的散射辐射变化特征和散射辐射与晴空指数、大气质量的关系。结果表明:散射辐射年曝辐量为3 628.5 MJ·m-2,占年总辐射曝辐量的59.5%,高于全国平均值;散射辐射夏季大(468.3 MJ·m-2)、冬季小(120 MJ·m-2),日最高值基本出现在正午,夏季最高辐照度达719.2 W·m-2。与晴空指数大于0.7时相比,晴空指数小于0.7时,秋、冬季散射辐射增加。晴空指数>0.3时,散射辐射与总辐射的比值随晴空指数的增加而呈线性递减;晴空指数<0.3时,散射辐射与天文辐射的比值随晴空指数的增加基本呈直线增加。散射辐射随太阳高度角的增大呈指数递增。散射辐射的变化主要集中在大气质量小于5的范围内且随大气质量的增加而迅速降低。

关键词: 散射辐射, 晴空指数, 塔克拉玛干沙漠

Abstract:

In this paper, the characteristics of diffuse radiation (Rd) and its relationship with clearness index and air quality were analyzed by using global radiation, diffuse radiation and direct radiation data which was observed at the Desert Atmosphere and Environment Observation Experiment Station of the Taklimakan Desert in 2010. The results show that the total annual diffuse radiation is 3 628 MJ·m-2, accounting for 59.5% of the total radiation, and it is higher than the national average. The diffuse radiation is strong in summer (468.3 MJ·m-2) and weak in winter (120 MJ·m-2). The peak value of diffuse radiation appears at noon and instantaneous maximum irradiation intensity reach to 719.2 W·m-2 in summer. Compared with clearness index more than 0.7, the diffuse radiation increases in autumn and winter when clearness index is less than 0.7. The ratio of diffuse radiation to global radiation decreases linearly with the increase of clearness index when clearness index is greater than 0.3, while, the ratio of diffuse radiation to extraterrestrial solar radiation linearly with the increase of clearness index when clearness index is less than 0.3. The diffuse radiation decreases exponentially with the increase of solar elevation. In addition, the change of diffuse solar radiation concentrates at the range of air quality less than 5, and it reduces rapidly with the increase of air quality.

Key words: diffuse radiation, clearness index, Taklimakan Desert

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