近50年黄河乌兰布和沙漠段辫状河道演变

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00175

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 依据水沙资料和断面资料，对黄河乌兰布和沙漠段辫状河道形态近50年演变特征及趋势进行探讨分析。结果表明：在大流量条件下（1966-1993年），河流横向侵蚀、搬运堆积过程强烈，风沙入黄（河）量大，河道横向摆动频繁，辫状河道发育强烈。当黄河流量减小时（1993-2013年），河流横向摆动能力减弱，黄河主河槽远离左岸乌兰布和沙漠沙丘，河流输沙能力减弱，汊道泥沙淤积导致心滩边滩相连，河流分汊数量明显减少，辫状河道萎缩，黄河乌兰布和沙漠段辫状河型有向弯曲型河道转变的趋势。

关键词: 乌兰布和沙漠, 黄河, 辫状河流, 风沙活动

Abstract: The Ulan Buh Desert Reach of the Yellow River flows through the Ulan Buh Desert, developing typical desert channel. Besides discharges and suspended concentrations, and boundary condition, aeolian is also the vital driving factor for the developing of the desert channel. Based on the channel sections, discharges and suspended concentrations of the past almost 50 years, the research analyzes the trend of the Ulan Buh Desert Reach of the Yellow River in the past 50 years. The results show that from 1966 to 1993, with the high flow and low wash-load sediment concentration (HF-LC), the river lateral erosion and accumulation leading to the lateral channel shift, the infusion of aeolian sands into Yellow River lead to the development of braided channel. During the year of 1993-2013, with the low flow and high wash-load sediment concentration (LF-HC), through the filling of secondary anabranches and the shifting of the main active channel away from the aeolian-dune-covered banks, this caused a reduction in the addition of wind-blown into the channel and a reduction in the lateral channel shift rate, which led to the main active channel evolving into a meandering channel.

Key words: Ulan Buh Desert, Yellow River, braided channel, aeolian sands

中图分类号:

TV147

李永山, 彭文昌, 任亮, 李勇. 近50年黄河乌兰布和沙漠段辫状河道演变[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(6): 1689-1694.

Li Yongshan, Peng Wenchang, Ren Liang, Li Yong. Evolution of Ulan Buh Desert Braided Channel of the Yellow River in Recent 50 Years[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(6): 1689-1694.

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