黄土坡面产流产沙过程及微地形变化特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00177

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 坡面土壤侵蚀过程不仅可以通过坡面的产流产沙过程反映，还可以通过降雨过程中坡面微地形变化特征来反映。对9°、12°、15°、20°、25°坡度下面积较小坡面模拟降雨，获取降雨过程中径流泥沙数据及降雨前后坡面微地形变化数据。结果显示：（1）初始产流时间随着坡度的增加先增加后减小，且初始产流时间较长；（2）15°、20°时的产流率不稳定，18 min后产沙率规则性波动起伏；（3）随着坡度的增大，降雨过程后坡面比表面积值随着坡度的增大而增大，坡面的高程变异系数都有所增大。

关键词: 坡度, 产流时间, 产流产沙, 微地形

Abstract: The process of soil erosion on slope is not only reflected by the process of runoff and sediment, but also the characteristic of micro-topography in the rainfall duration. In this research, five small area slopes which slope gradient were 9, 12, 15, 20, 25, respectively, were choose to conduct simulated rainfall, then the data of runoff, sediment and micro-topography in the rainfall duration were obtained. The results show that (1) the initial time of flow generation increase first and then decrease with the slope gradient increase; (2) the runoff rate was not stable at 15, 20 and sediment yield rate was up and down constantly after 18 minutes, presenting a kind of volatile stabilization; (3) the change of slope relative elevation reflect the change of erosion, specific surface area increased with the slope gradient after rainfall and variation coefficient of elevation of slope increased at all slope conduction.

Key words: slope, runoff-yielding time, runoff and sediment yield, micro-topography

中图分类号:

TV121

唐辉, 李占斌, 李鹏, 王添. 黄土坡面产流产沙过程及微地形变化特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(6): 1708-1712.

Tang Hui, Li Zhanbin, Li Peng, Wang Tian. Runoff, Sediment Yield and Micro-topography of Loess Slope under Artificial Rain[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(6): 1708-1712.

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