鄂尔多斯草原沙漠交错区生态系统健康评价——以十大孔兑为例

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00105

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态系统健康是生态学在景观和区域尺度的主要研究领域，应用RS技术判读生态系统格局变化是生态系统健康评价有效手段。十大孔兑地处中国草原沙漠交错区，受到的干扰较多，生态系统健康状况在中国生态交错区具有代表性。基于生态系统（土地利用）格局和相应生态系统服务价值当量应用RS和GIS技术评价了十大孔兑地区不同地理类型区生态系统健康状况。结果表明：（1）十大孔兑生态系统以健康区为主，面积为686 925.72 hm²，占总面积64.66%；研究区南部（草原区）、中部（沙漠区）和北部（平原区）健康区比例都大于50%。（2）健康区最大斑块指数（LPI）总体为62.47%，从北到南分别为22.42%、65.04%、66.25%；平均欧几里得距离（ENN_MN）总体为526.51 m，从北到南分别为293.47、287.14、298.09 m。（3）健康区在十大孔兑以集中连片团聚结构为绝对优势，尤其是南部和中部表现明显，但是北部团聚性较南部和中部弱；良好区和恶化区呈现为低频率离散分布，北部较南部和中部良好区分布频率更高、更聚集，南部较中部和北部恶化区分布频率更低、更离散；较好区和较差区呈现高频率离散分布。

关键词: 生态系统服务价值, 土地利用/覆盖变化, 景观格局, 生态交错区

Abstract: Ecosystem health was one of the main fields of ecology in landscape and regional scale. It was an effective method to evaluate ecosystem health by using remote sensing to interpret the change of ecosystem pattern. Ecosystem health changes of Ten Tributaries Basin in northern Ordos which located in grassland-desert ecotone was representative in the ecotone owing to the disturbance of industry and mining rapid development and the ecological environment management. Under the support of RS and GIS technologies, this paper evaluated the ecosystem health status of Ten Tributaries Basin areas with different types based on the ecosystem (land use) pattern and the corresponding ecosystem service value equivalent profit and loss. The results showed that there was mainly maintained by health areas of ecosystems in Ten Tributaries Basin on the entire scale, the area was 686 925.72 hm² and accounted for 64.66% of total region. And they were health status whether it was south (grassland), central (desert) or north (plain), the proportions of health area were more than 50% in different sections. The Largest Patch index (LPI) values of health status were biggest in these five ecosystem health status whether it was in total or separated environment, Mean Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Index (ENN_MN) values were smallest. The LPI was 62.47% in total region and was 22.42%, 65.04% and 66.25% from north to south respectively. The ENN_MN was 526.51 m in total region and was 293.47 m, 287.14 m and 298.09 m from north to south respectively. All in all, in Ten Tributaries Basin, healthy zones had the absolute advantage of centralized agglomeration structure, especially in south and central area, but the agglomeration in the north was weaker than that in south and central area. The good and deteriorating zones had low frequen-cy discrete distribution, and the distribution frequency in the north was higher than that in south and central area. The distribution frequency in the south was lower and more discrete than that in the central and northern deterioration areas. There was the high frequency discrete distribution in the better and the worse region."

Key words: ecosystem service values, LUCC, landscape pattern, ecotone

中图分类号:

Q148

白雪莲, 王理想, 季树新, 陈正新, 常学礼. 鄂尔多斯草原沙漠交错区生态系统健康评价——以十大孔兑为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(1): 187-194.

Bai Xuelian, Wang Lixiang, Ji Shuxin, Chen Zhengxin, Chang Xueli. Assessment of ecosystem health in grassland-desert ecotone in northern Ordos: a case study of Ten Tributaries Basin[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(1): 187-194.

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