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中国沙漠 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 943-951.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00132

• 生态与经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

石羊河流域生态系统服务价值的空间异质性及其计量

李 博, 石培基, 金淑婷, 魏 伟, 周俊菊   

  1. 西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-07 修回日期:2012-04-11 出版日期:2013-05-20 发布日期:2012-04-11

Theory and Quantitative Methodology of Spatial Heterogeneity Analysis of Ecosystem Service Value for the Shiyanghe River Basin, Gansu, China

LI Bo, SHI Pei-ji, JIN Shu-ting, WEI Wei, ZHOU Jun-ju   

  1. College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2012-03-07 Revised:2012-04-11 Online:2013-05-20 Published:2012-04-11

摘要:

生态系统服务价值评估是当前生态学和生态经济学研究的一个热点,生态服务功能的空间异质性是影响生态系统服务价值的重要因素,也是国家制定生态补偿政策的基础,但不易对其进行定量计算。本文以石羊河流域为例,遵循资源稀缺性原理,依生态区位(自然和社会)差异条件对石羊河各流域生态服务功能空间异质性进行测算。在此基础上,利用2009年石羊河流域各地区基础数据建立计量模型,对其流域内植被系统生态系统服务价值进行测算;并利用ArcGIS9.3对石羊河流域单位面积生态系统服务价值进行可视化处理。结果表明:(1)石羊河流域同一生态系统在不同流域存在巨大差异,其中以耕地最为明显,其下游是上游单位生态系统服务价值的13.99倍;(2)上游地区为典型的生态“输出”型地区,而中游与下游为典型的“输入”型地区;(3)耕地已经成为石羊河流域中游与下游重要的生态系统,其生态系统服务价值分别为334 343.516万元和125 179.201万元;(4)石羊河流域植被系统生态系统服务价值为1 277 691.282万元,占石羊河流域国内生产总值的32.53%。

关键词: 生态系统服务价值, 空间异质性, 区位修正, 石羊河流域

Abstract:

The ecosystem service value evaluation is one of current hot spots in the research domain of ecology and economics, the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service function is a significant factor that influences ecosystem service value. In the mean time, it is also the foundation of national ecological compensation policy. What is more, the difficulty of it is the quantitative calculation. We use the Shiyanghe River Basin as an example, follow the algorithm of scarcity of ecological resources, take measurements and calculation for each watershed ecological service function space heterogeneity for the Shiyanghe River based on the difference of the ecological location conditions. In addition, combine with each districts basic data of the Shiyanghe River in 2009, we set up a model to assess the vegetation system ecological service value in every district. Moreover, the unit area ecosystem service value visualization processing for the Shiyanghe River basin is conducted by ArcGIS 9.3. The results demonstrate as following: (1) The Shiyanghe River basin exists great difference inside the specific ecosystem type with distinct arable land, the unit area ecosystem service value of the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River arable land is 13.99 times as large as upper reaches, which is the biggest ratio among all basins. (2) The upper reaches district becomes typical eco-output region whereas the middle reaches and the lower reaches are typical eco-input regions. (3) Arable land has been turned into important ecosystem for the middle reaches and the lower reaches districts of the Shiyanghe River Basin, their ecosystem service value are 3 343.43516 and 1 251.79201 million yuan per year, respectively. (4) The vegetation system ecological service value of the Shiyanghe River Basin is 12 776.91282 million yuan, which accounts as 32.53% GDP of the Shiyanghe River Basin.

Key words: ecosystem service value, special heterogeneity, location correction, Shiyanghe River Basin

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