石羊河流域主汛期降水日变化特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00168

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用石羊河流域2009-2013年主汛期(6-8月)有完整资料的32个区域气象站和5个自动气象站共37个站点逐时降水资料,运用常规的气候统计方法,采用逐时降水量、逐时降水频次、逐时降水强度和不同持续时间降水4个指标对石羊河流域主汛期降水日变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:石羊河流域主汛期降水总量及日数的空间分布总体上与其地理位置、海拔、纬度以及影响系统密切相关,表现为自上游向下游呈递减趋势,降水强度空间分布较复杂。石羊河流域主汛期小时降水量、降水频次及降水强度呈三峰型分布,主要集中出现在20:00-23:00、01:00-09:00、14:00-20:00,其中强降水呈现双峰分布,基本都出现在20:00-23:00、14:00-20:00;石羊河流域主汛期持续1～3 h短时降水的降水量和降水次数大于持续10 h以上降水过程的降水量和降水次数,且持续1～6 h的短时降水多发于午后到傍晚,持续时间超过6 h的长持续性降水的最大降水量通常出现在夜晚-凌晨和午后-傍晚。

关键词: 石羊河流域, 逐时降水, 降水持续时间, 日变化

Abstract:

Based on the hourly precipitation data from 32 regional meteorological stations and 5 automatic meteorological stations in flood season (from June to August) over the Shiyanghe River basin from 2009 to 2013, we analyzed the diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in flood season over the Shiyanghe River basin, by using four precipitation indices (hourly precipitation, hourly precipitation frequency, hourly precipitation intensity, and different duration precipitation). The results show that the spatial distribution of hourly precipitation, hourly precipitation frequency in flood season declines from upstream to downstream over the Shiyanghe River basin because of geographical position, altitude, latitude and weather systems, and the spatial distribution of hourly intensity is complex. The precipitation, the precipitation frequency and the precipitation intensity in flood season over the Shiyanghe River basin present a diurnal pattern of three-peak distribution, with the peak periods at 20:00-23:00, 01:00-09:00 and 14:00-20:00, strong precipitation present double-peak with the peak period at 20:00-23:00\} and 14:00-20:00. In flood season, total precipitations and precipitation frequencies of 1-3 h short-time rainfall are more than long time rainfall continued more than 10 h over the Shiyanghe River Basin. The short-time rainfall continuing within 1-6 h often occurrs from afternoon to evening, the long time rainfall continuing more than 6 h often occurres from evening to early morning or late afternoon to evenin

Key words: Shiyanghe River basin, hourly precipitation, precipitation duration, diurnal variation

中图分类号:

P467

李玲萍, 刘维成, 张宇林, 王荣喆, 李岩瑛, 李红英. 石羊河流域主汛期降水日变化特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(5): 1291-1300.

Li Lingping, Liu Weicheng, Zhang Yulin, Wang Rongzhe, Li Yanying, Li Hongying. Diurnal Variation of Precipitation in Flood Season over the Shiyanghe River Basin[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(5): 1291-1300.

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