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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 27-36.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00070

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阿拉善地区土壤盐渍化的遥感反演及分布特征

赵欣悦1,2(), 席海洋1(), 赵静3, 马克华3, 程文举1,2, 陈雨晴1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室/阿拉善荒漠生态水文试验研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.阿拉善盟林业和草原保护站,内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-01 修回日期:2022-06-10 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 席海洋
  • 作者简介:席海洋(E-mail: xihy@lzb.ac.cn
    赵欣悦(1999—),女,山东德州人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区水文水资源研究。 E-mail: zhaoxinyue21@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    阿拉善盟自选项目“阿拉善盟国家级公益林监测技术研究与综合效益评估”;内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(zdzx2018057)

Inversion and spatial distribution characteristics of soil salinity in Alxa area, China

Xinyue Zhao1,2(), Haiyang Xi1(), Jing Zhao3, Kehua Ma3, Wenju Cheng1,2, Yuqing Chen1,2   

  1. 1.CAS Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin / Alxa Desert Eco-Hydrology Experimental Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.Forestry and Grassland Protection Station of Alxa,Alxa Left Banner 750300,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2022-04-01 Revised:2022-06-10 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-17
  • Contact: Haiyang Xi

摘要:

土壤盐渍化是威胁干旱区土地的重要环境问题。利用遥感技术对土壤盐渍化进行动态监测,分析土壤盐度水平与空间分布,有利于掌握土壤盐渍化现状,为土地资源可持续利用提供理论依据。现有研究多在田间尺度,随着土壤环境问题涉及的范围越来越大,区域斑块信息的提取已无法满足宏观地模拟和展示整体土壤环境的空间分布。以阿拉善地区为例,结合遥感光谱指数与实测土壤盐分数据,运用偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)方法,构建区域尺度范围的土壤盐渍化反演模型,实现大面积地区土壤盐度的精准模拟和定量监测。结果表明,构建的模型验证精度达到0.8788,达到极显著水平,预测结果与实际情况相符,可以较准确地模拟研究区土壤盐渍化状况。受地形、气候、景观类型、农业活动以及土地管理等因素的综合影响,阿拉善地区约20%的区域土壤呈现出不同程度的盐渍化,其中黑河下游河岸带、雅布赖山西侧及贺兰山西侧冲积扇土壤盐渍化程度最为严重。本研究可为大面积区域土壤盐分状况的快速监测及遥感定量反演提供可行的方法,同时为该区域不同程度盐渍化土壤的治理和土地利用管理提供依据。

关键词: 土壤盐渍化, 光谱指数, 偏最小二乘回归, 盐分反演

Abstract:

Soil salinization is an important environmental problem that threatens lands in arid regions. Using remote sensing technology to dynamically monitor soil salinity and analyze the level and spatial distribution of soil salinity is conducive to grasping the current situation of soil salinization, and providing a theoretical basis for the sustainable utilization of land resources. However, most of the existing studies focus on the field scale, with the increasing scale of soil environmental problems, the extraction of regional patch information cannot macroscopically simulate and display the spatial distribution of the overall soil environment. To solve this problem, taking the Alxa area as an example, combined with remote sensing spectral index and measured soil salt data, this paper built soil salinization inversion model at regional scale by using the partial least squares regression (PLSR) method to realize the accurate simulation and quantitative monitoring of soil salinity in a large area. The results show that the verification accuracy of the model reaches 0.8788, reaching a very significant level, and the prediction results are more consistent with the actual situation, which can accurately simulate the soil salinization in the study area. Due to the comprehensive influence of terrain, climate, landscape type, agricultural activities, and land management, about 20% of the regional soil in Alxa shows varying degrees of salinization, and the most serious soil salinization areas are the riparian zone of the lower reaches of Heihe River, the west side of Yabulai Mountain, and the alluvial fan on the west side of Helan Mountain. This study can provide a feasible method for the rapid monitoring and remote sensing quantitative inversion of soil salinity in a large area, and provide a basis for the treatment of different degrees of salinized soil and land use management in this area.

Key words: soil salinization, spectral index, Partial Least Squares Regression, salt inversion

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