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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 41-54.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00168

• • 上一篇    下一篇

新月形沙丘表面流场特征

罗霖炎1,2(), 高鑫1,2(), 赵永成1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-27 修回日期:2022-12-15 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
  • 通讯作者: 高鑫
  • 作者简介:高鑫(E-mail: gaoxin@ms.xjb.ac.cn
    罗霖炎(1996—),男,辽宁抚顺人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙物理学研究。E-mail: luolinyan20@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划-青年博士科技人才培养项目(2020Q085);国家自然科学基金项目(41971017);新疆“天山英才”-科技创新领军人才项目(2022TSYCLJ0002)

The surface flow pattern characteristics of barchan dunes

Linyan Luo1,2(), Xin Gao1,2(), Yongcheng Zhao1,2   

  1. 1.National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2022-11-27 Revised:2022-12-15 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
  • Contact: Xin Gao

摘要:

目前对新月形沙丘表面流场尤其是涡流区的复杂流动结构缺乏全面的认识,新月形沙丘形态特征和来流风速对流场结构的影响需进一步研究。利用CFD数值模拟的方法,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,研究了在不同几何参数和来流风速下新月形沙丘表面的流场特征,重点研究了背风侧涡流区的流动特征及范围与沙丘几何参数和来流风速的关系。结果表明:新月形沙丘高度越高、迎风坡坡度越大,其尾流涡流区长度越长,长度为沙丘高度的5~7倍;来流风速对尾流附着点的位置影响较小,不同来流风速导致的涡流区长度为沙丘高度的6~7倍;来流风速越大,尾流保护区长度越短,沙丘对流场的干扰范围越小。本研究深入解析了流场对新月形沙丘形态的塑造作用,进一步从流场的角度印证了新月形沙丘翼角下游小新月形沙丘形成的成因。

关键词: 新月形沙丘, CFD, 三维流场, 来流风速, 尾流涡流区

Abstract:

At present, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the surface flow patterns over barchan dunes, especially the complex flow structure in the vortices zone, and thus further research is needed on the influence of morphological characteristics and flow velocity on the flow structure of barchan dunes. In this paper, the airflow characteristics over the surface of barchan dunes under different geometric parameters and different inlet velocities were studied using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation and the RNG k-ε turbulence model, focusing on the flow characteristics of the leeward side vortices zone and the relationship between its range and the geometric parameters of the dunes and the inlet velocities. The results show that: (1) The higher the height of the barchan dune, the larger the length of the wake vortices zone is, approximately 5-7 times the height of the dune. (2) The greater the gradient of the windward slope of the barchan dune, the greater the length of the wake vortices zone is, approximately 5-7 times the height of the dune. (3) The influence of inlet velocity on the position of the reattachment point is quite limited, and the length of the vortex zone caused by different inlet velocities is about 6-7 times the height of the dune, suggesting that the larger the inlet velocity is, the shorter the length of the wake protected zone and the smaller the disturbance of the dune on the flow can be found. This study comprehensively analyzes the shaping effect of the flow patterns on the shape of barchan dunes and further confirms the cause of the formation of small barchan dunes on the downstream of the horns of the upwind barchan dunes. Collectively, the current results can deepen the understanding of the evolution mechanism of barchan dune formation, and enrich the basic theory of aeolian geomorphology.

Key words: barchan dunes, CFD, 3D flow field, inlet wind velocity, wake vortex zone

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