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中国沙漠 ›› 2006, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 159-164.

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

土壤生物结皮蒸散特征研究

何明珠1,2, 李新荣1, 张景光1, 周海燕1, 金文杰3, 张志山1   

  1. 1.中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 沙坡头沙漠试验研究站, 甘肃 兰州 730000; 2.中国科学院 研究生院, 北京 100039; 3.甘肃农业大学 生命科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-03-20 发布日期:2006-03-20

Evapotranspiration Characteristics of Soil Microbiotic Crusts

HE Ming-zhu1,2, LI Xin-rong1, ZHANG Jing-guang1, ZHOU Hai-yan1, JIN Wen-jie3, ZHANG Zhi-shan1   

  1. 1.Shapotou Desert Experimental Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; 3.School of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-03-20 Published:2006-03-20

摘要: 土壤生物结皮在沙漠地区植被恢复和重建中具有重要的生态学意义。通过对3种土壤生物结皮[包括真藓(Bryum argenteum)、黑对齿藓(Didymodon nigrescens)和藻类结皮]在对照和3个不同水分条件下进行蒸散量以及蒸腾指标的观测,结果表明:①3种土壤生物结皮蒸散量日变化过程呈现单峰型,各个处理间峰值出现时间和蒸散量变化幅度差异较大;真藓对照组峰值为0.473 g/10 cm2,出现时间为11:00时。黑对齿藓结皮和藻类结皮蒸散量日变化趋势和真藓一致。真藓和藻类结皮在17:00时蒸散量出现负值,分别为-0.009 g/10 cm2和-0.010 g/10 cm2,说明其出现吸湿凝结水的现象;②真藓结皮的蒸腾速率日变化曲线呈现不明显的“双峰型”,说明其存在蒸腾“午休”现象;黑对齿藓和藻类结皮蒸腾速率的日变化曲线呈现“单峰型”,峰值出现的时间依含水量的下降而推后;③气孔扩散阻力和蒸腾速率为负相关关系;④蒸散作用和影响因子的相关性分析表明光量子和流量显著影响着结皮的蒸腾速率,而气孔阻力和相对湿度与蒸腾速率呈现负相关性。

关键词: 土壤生物结皮, 蒸散量, 蒸腾速率, 气孔阻力

Abstract: Soil microbiotic crusts play important roles in vegetation restoration and revegetation in desert area. Evapotranspiration value and transpiration indexes of the three types of soil microbiotic crust under different water content (including Bryum argenteum crust, Didymodon nigrescens crust and algal crust) were measured. The results showed that: ①Diurnal changes of evapotranspiration of the three different soil microbiotic crusts were “single-peak pattern”, peak value and changes of evapotranspiration value among different treatments had great difference. Control experiment of Bryum argenteum crust reached its peak value at 11:00. Diurnal evapotranpiration changes of Bryum argenteum crust and Didymodon nigrescens crust were accordant. At 17:00, evapotranspiration values of Bryum argenteum crust and Didymodon nigrescens crust were -0.009 g/10cm2 and -0.010 g/10cm2 respectively, which indicated that the two crusts began to absorb condensed water; ②Diurnal change curve of transpiration rate of Bryum argenteum crust was inapparent “double-peak pattern”, which showed “noon break” of two crusts. Diurnal change curve of other two crusts taken on “single-peak pattern” and the time peak values appeared was postponed as water content declined; ③Stomatal resistance negatively correlated with transpiration rate(TR); ④Correlation between transpiration rate and its factors was analyzed, results indicated that light intensity and air flow remarkably affected TR of crusts and stomatal resistance and relative humidity negatively correlated with TR.

Key words: soil microbiotic crust, evapotranspiration value, transpiration rate, stomatal resistance

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