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中国沙漠 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 134-143.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00077

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科尔沁湿草甸参考作物蒸散发模拟分析

李霞1, 刘廷玺1,2, 段利民1,2, 王冠丽1,2, 童新1,2, 周亚军1, 杨晓君1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    2. 内蒙古农业大学内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-04 修回日期:2019-09-03 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2020-04-26
  • 通讯作者: 刘廷玺(E-mail:txliu1966@163.com)
  • 作者简介:李霞(1994-),女,内蒙古乌海人,硕士研究生,研究方向为寒旱区蒸散发。E-mail:2929306405@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究与面上、地区项目(51620105003,51479086,51869017,51669017);内蒙古自然科学基金重点项目(2018ZD05);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT_17R60);科技部重点领域科技创新团队项目(2015RA4013);内蒙古自治区草原英才产业创新创业人才团队、内蒙古农业大学寒旱区水资源利用创新团队项目(NDTD2010-6)

Simulation of reference crop evapotranspiration and analysis of the factor effect in Horqin wet meadow

Li Xia1, Liu Tingxi1,2, Duan Limin1,2, Wang Guanli1,2, Tong Xin1,2, Zhou Yajun1, Yang Xiaojun1   

  1. 1. Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
  • Received:2019-07-04 Revised:2019-09-03 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2020-04-26

摘要: 为探明气候变化下干旱半干旱地区湿草甸参考作物蒸散发(ET0)影响因子,使用FAO 56 P-M模型对科尔沁湿草甸ET0进行模拟,利用涡度相关系统对模型的适用性进行评价,并通过通径分析及指标敏感性分析对ET0的影响因子进行辨识。结果表明:(1)小时尺度模拟精度最高,日尺度次之,月尺度较差,小时尺度上晴、阴、雨3种天气条件下模拟效果不同,晴天最优,阴雨天较差。(2)ET0年内变化呈单峰曲线状,生长季明显高于非生长季,集中在3—10月,占全年89.79%。生长季典型晴天ET0逐小时分布特征遵循倒“U”单峰型变化规律。(3)通径分析结果显示,对ET0的通径系数以及对回归方程估测可靠程度E的总贡献均表现为VPD(饱和水汽压差) > Tmin(最低气温) > Rn(冠层表面净辐射)>u2(2 m高度风速),即VPD为影响ET0最重要的因子;指标敏感性分析中,在去除VPD后引起的E变化最大,说明ET0VPD的变化最为敏感,其次为u2TminRn

关键词: Penman-Monteith模型, 参考作物蒸散量, 时间尺度, 气象因子, 通径分析

Abstract: The FAO 56 P-M model was used to simulate reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) and explore the influencing factors of ET0 for the Horqin wet meadow in the arid and semi-arid areas under climate change. The applicability of the model was evaluated by the eddy covariance system, and the influencing factors of ET0 were identified by path analysis and index sensitivity analysis. Results showed that: (1) The accuracy of hour-scale simulation was the highest, followed by day-scale simulation, and the monthly scale simulation was poor.The simulation effect was also different under sunny, cloudy and rainy weather conditions on the hourly scale,sunny days were best, rainy days were worse. (2) The change of ET0 in the year presented a single-peak curve, and the growth season was significantly higher than that in the non-growth season, mainly from March to October, accounting for 89.79% of the annual ET0. The hourly distribution of ET0 in typical sunny days during the growing season follows the single peak pattern of inverted "U". (3) The path coefficient of ET0 and the total contribution to the estimation reliability of regression equation E were shown as VPD > Tmin > Rn > u2, VPD is the most important factor affecting ET0. In the sensitivity analysis of indicators, the largest change of E is caused by the removal of VPD, indicating that ET0 is the most sensitive to the change of VPD, followed by u2, Tmin and Rn.

Key words: Penman-Monteith model, reference crop evapotranspiration, time scale, meteorological factors, path analysis

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