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中国沙漠 ›› 2015, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1666-1673.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00190

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

1901-2012年中国西北地区东部多时间尺度干旱特征

王芝兰, 李耀辉, 王素萍, 冯建英, 王劲松   

  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-24 修回日期:2014-11-24 出版日期:2015-11-20 发布日期:2015-11-20
  • 作者简介:王芝兰(1984-),女,甘肃兰州人,助理研究员,主要从事干旱气候变化及其影响研究。Email:wangzhlan2008@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41175081,41471034);甘肃省青-科技基金项目(1308RJYA049)

Characteristics of Drought at Multiple Time Scales in the East of Northwest China from 1901 to 2012

Wang Zhilan, Li Yaohui, Wang Suping, Feng Jianying, Wang Jinsong   

  1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2014-09-24 Revised:2014-11-24 Online:2015-11-20 Published:2015-11-20

摘要: 以干旱的多时间尺度特征出发,利用CRU最新数据,计算了考虑降水和气温双因子影响的标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI),并与标准化降水指数(SPI)进行对比,分析中国西北地区东部1901-2012年不同时间尺度的干旱特征。本文不仅对百年来CRU资料的可靠性进行检验,而且对SPEI在西北地区东部的适应性进行讨论。结果表明:CRU资料可靠性较好,但由于CRU资料本身的属性,1920年以前资料的可靠性不确定。从干旱事件的发生强度及干旱范围分析,SPEI在西北地区东部具有较好的适用性。SPEISPI在不同时间尺度下的波动变化一致,短时间尺度主要表现年内或季节特征,长时间尺度则侧重表现年际、年代际特征。将研究区分为高原东北区和陕南区进行分析,1901-2012年高原东北区有4个干期,陕南区有5个干期。针对温度变化对西北地区东部干旱的影响及与SPI对比表明,高温对干旱的贡献不容忽视。

关键词: SPEI, 多时间尺度, 干旱, 西北地区东部

Abstract: The Standardized Precipitation Evaportranspiration Index(SPEI) considering precipitation and temperature is calculated using CRU update data at multiple time scales, and is compared to Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI). The characteristics of drought at different time scales from 1901 to 2012 in the east of northwest China have been investigated. In this paper, reliability for hundred years of the CRU data has been tested, and the adaptability of SPEI in studied area has been discussed. The result shows that the CRU data is reliability, but due to the properties of CRU material, there is uncertainty for the data before 1920. The SPEI is confirmed to be applicable to analyze the drought in the east of northwest China from drought intensity and range. Changes of a fluctuating of SPEI and SPI at different time scales are consistent. Short time scale mainly shows seasonal characteristics, and long time scale shows interannual and decadal characteristics. The study area is divided into the eastern of the plateau area and the southern of Shaanxi area. There are 4 dry periods in the eastern of the Plateau area and 5 dry periods in the southern of Shaanxi area from 1901 to 2012. Finally, the contribution of temperature anomaly to the drought is analyzed. The result indicates that high temperature contribution cannot be neglected by comparison with the SPI index.

Key words: standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, multiple time scales, drought, the east of northwest China

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