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中国沙漠 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 141-150.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00021

• • 上一篇    下一篇

毛乌素沙区1961-2016年降水特征

张雪琴1,2, 刘树林1, 冯坤1,2, 郭紫晨1,2, 康文平1,2, 陈翔1,2, 支莹1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-17 修回日期:2019-04-17 发布日期:2019-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘树林(E-mail:liusl@lzb.ac.cn)
  • 作者简介:张雪琴(1994-),女,重庆万州人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠化研究。E-mail:zhangxueqin17@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500902)

Characteristics of Precipitation in the Mu US Sandy Area during 1961-2016

Zhang Xueqin1,2, Liu Shulin1, Feng Kun1,2, Guo Zichen1,2, Kang Wenping1,2, Chen Xiang1,2, Zhi Ying1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2019-01-17 Revised:2019-04-17 Published:2019-11-14

摘要: 基于毛乌素沙区10个气象站1961-2016年观测资料,应用Mann-Kendall方法和t检验法对各气象站年降水量进行了突变检验,借助小波分析讨论了各气象站年降水量的周期特征,根据降水量等值线划分结果对整个研究区分区分析了年、季、月和日尺度上的降水变化特征,并在两个时段上分析了季节性降水的差异。结果表明:毛乌素沙区年降水量空间特征差异明显,东部亚区呈上升趋势,中西部亚区呈下降趋势,但变化趋势不显著且无突变发生;降水年内分配不均,干湿季分明,降水集中在5-9月,夏秋季降水占全年降水比重大,季、月和日尺度降水量存在梯度递减变化;年降水量的年际变化过程存在多重时间尺度的自相似结构;近26年的冬春季降水增加显著,但降水波动幅度小于前30年。

关键词: 毛乌素沙区, 突变检验, 小波分析, 多时间尺度

Abstract: Based on the precipitation data of 10 meteorological stations in the Mu Us Sandy Area from 1961 to 2016, the mutation detections of annual precipitation were tested by the Mann-Kendall method and t test, the periodic variation were discussed by the Morlet wavelet analysis method. Precipitation change characteristics on four time scales of year, season, month and day were analyzed according to precipitation isolines zone, and the differences of seasonal precipitation were analyzed in two time periods. Results showed that the spatial characteristics of annual precipitation in the Mu Us Sandy Area were obviously different, the eastern sub-region showed an upward trend while the central and western sub-regions showed a downward trend, however, the change trend was not significant and there were no mutations. Distribution of precipitation within a year is uneven, and the dry and wet seasons are distinct. The precipitation is mainly concentrated during the period of May-and September, the summer and autumn precipitation accounts for a dominant proportion of the annual precipitation. Moreover, the precipitation on four time scales of year, season, month and day have gradient decreasing change from east to west. A self-similar structure with multiple time scales existed in the process of inter-annual precipitation change. In the recent 26 years, the precipitation in winter and spring increased markedly, but the fluctuation range of precipitation was less than that in previous 30 years.

Key words: Mu Us Sandy Area, mutation detection, wavelet analysis, multi-time scales

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