呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑研究（1）——形态、分类、研究意义

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用野外调查和测量、航片判读、室内制图、统计分析等方法对呼伦贝尔沙质草原典型地带的风蚀坑及坑后风沙沉积进行了研究。发现:①风蚀坑是由一个沙坑和坑后沙丘共同组成,两者具有一一对应关系;②风蚀坑和坑后沙丘可以根据形态特征、发展阶段、诱发原因进行分类;③呼伦贝尔三大沙带均由风蚀坑洼地及其坑后沙丘和背景沙质草原组成;④沙质草原风蚀坑的发生与人类活动关系密切,为气候干旱化与人类大范围强度活动干扰土层相耦合的环境事件所造成。该研究对沙质草原沙漠发生学,沙质草原地貌演化和沙漠化监测研究具有科学意义,对草原合理利用和沙漠化防治具有现实意义。

关键词: 风蚀坑, 分类系统, 人类世, 环境事件, 沙漠化, 风沙地貌

Abstract: Research into blowouts has been carried out based on field survey and mapping combined with aerophotograph interpretation and analysis in HulunBuir sandy grassland, Inner Mongolia. It is discovered that: (1) a blowout consists of a pit hollowed out by aeolian erosion and an adjoining sand deposition transported by wind from the pit; (2) blowouts can be classified geomorphologically in accordance with their shape, stages of development, and initiating factors; (3) all of the three sandy tracts of HulunBuir sandy grassland are consisted of aeolian depressions and adjoining dunes formed by blowouts; (4) large scale occurrence of blowouts in Anthropocene is closely related with human activities, as result of environmental coupling event of the coinstantaneous extremity of drought and wide spread intense human disturbance of the fragile soil layer and sandy grassland ecosystem. The research is significant in the study of the initiation of sandy desertification, and in the study of geomorphology evolution of the sandy grassland. It will also be helpful to rational utilization of grasslands, and prevention and harness of sandy desertification of grasslands.

Key words: blowout, geomorphology, Anthropocene, environmental event, sandy desertification, aeolian landform

中图分类号:

S812.2

张德平;王效科;哈斯;孙宏伟;赵家明;刘秀;冯宗炜. 呼伦贝尔沙质草原风蚀坑研究（1）——形态、分类、研究意义[J]. 中国沙漠, 2006, 26(6): 894-902.

ZHANG A MunkDalai;WANG Xiao-ke;Hasieerdun;SUN Hong-wei;ZHAO Jia-ming;LIU Xiu;FENG Zong-wei. HulunBuir Sandy Grassland Blowouts: Geomorphology, Classification, and Significances[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2006, 26(6): 894-902.

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