流沙地恢复过程中土壤特性演变研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以毛乌素沙地西南缘的盐池县沙边子及位于腾格里沙漠东南缘的沙坡头地区为例,研究了该地区不同程度沙漠化土地恢复过程中土壤机械组成及土壤养分的动态变化。结果表明:不同地区或同一地区不同区域的沙漠化土地中,随着植被盖度的增加及恢复程度的增强,土壤中的粉粒、粘粒含量都有显著增加（P<0.05）,土壤质地向着壤质化和细粒化方向发展；土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷含量也有显著增加（P<0.05）；速效氮、速效磷含量也有相应的增加。土壤有机质、全氮和全磷的含量与土壤粉粒、粘粒含量呈显著正相关,且前三者之间也呈极显著正相关；但是土壤粉粒和粘粒含量与速效氮、速效磷和速效钾之间的关系则因区域和土地利用的不同表现出明显的差异。

关键词: 土壤恢复, 土壤机械组成, 土壤养分

Abstract: Taking southeastern margin of Tengger Desert and Southwestern margin of Mu Us Sandland for example, the authors study the dynamic change of soil mechanical composition and soil nutrient of lands with different desertification degrees during the recovering process. Results show that: with the increase of vegetation coverage and recovery degree, the clay and silt contents in both desertified lands of different areas and different locations of the same area all increase clearly（P<0.05）; the soil character develops toward loamification and fine graining, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphor also increases clearly（P<0.05）; The content of available nitrogen and available phosphor has a corresponding increase. There is a significantly positive relation between the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphor and the content of soil clay and silt, and there is also a significantly positive relation between the former threen. Meanwhile, the relationship of the content of soil clay and silt and that of the available nitrogen and available phosphor takes on a distinct variance with different locations and land utilization ways.

Key words: soil recovery, soil mechanical composition, soil nutrient

中图分类号:

S158.3

谭明亮;段争虎;陈小红. 流沙地恢复过程中土壤特性演变研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(4): 685-689.

TAN Ming-liang;DUAN Zheng-hu;CHEN Xiao-hong . Study on Soil Property Evolution in Recovery Process of Moving Sand Land[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(4): 685-689.

参考文献

[1]阎德仁,武智双.沙质荒漠化土壤生态恢复研究展望[J].内蒙古林业科技,1998(增刊):58-61.
[2]贾晓红,李新荣,肖洪浪.沙坡头地区农田灌溉和施肥对氮淋溶量影响的研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):385-390.
[3]赵哈林,苏永中,张华,等.灌丛对流动沙地土壤特性和草本植物的影响[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(2):223-227.
[4]赫晓慧,常庆瑞,温仲明,等.农牧交错带不同人工植被下荒漠化土壤肥力的变化[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(6):915-919.
[5]赵哈林,苏永中,周瑞莲.我国北方沙区退化植被的恢复机理[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(3):323-328.
[6]朱震达,陈广庭,等.中国土地沙质荒漠化[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:117-119.
[7]李新荣,马风云,龙立群.沙坡头地区固沙植被土壤水分动态研究[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(3):217-222.
[8]肖洪浪,李新荣,段争虎,等.流沙固定过程中土壤-植被系统演变[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(6):605-611.
[9]安国英,牛三义,陈玉娥,等.土壤有机质全氮与机械组成之间关系的探讨[J].河北林业科技,1993,3(9):46-48.
[10]Rees S C, Seatedt T R, Mann C M,et al.Phosphorus fertilization stimulates nitrogen fixation and increases inorganic nitrogen concentrations in a restored prairie[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2007,36:238-242.
[11]王国梁,刘国彬,许明祥.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域植被恢复的土壤养分效应[J].水土保持学报,2001,22(1):1-51.
[12]傅华,陈亚明,周志宇,等.阿拉善荒漠草地恢复初期植被与土壤环境的变化[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(6):661-664.
[13]Critchley C N R,Chambers B J,Fowbert J A,et al.Association between lowland grassland plant communities and soil properties [J].Biological Conservation,2002,105:199-215.
[14]Chapin F S,Vitousek P M,Van Cleve K.The nature of nutrient limitation in plant communities [J].American Naturalist,1986,127:48-88.
[15]Wedin D A,Tilman D.Influence of nitrogen loading and species composition on the carbon balance of grasslands [J].Science,1996,274:1720-1723.
[16]Brooks M L.Effects of increased soil nitrogen on the dominance of alien annual plants in the Mojave Desert [J].Journal of Applied Ecology,2003,40:344-353.
[17]Janssens F,Peeters A,Tallowin J R B,et al.Relationship between soil chemical factor sand grassland diversity[J].Plant and Soil,1998,202:69-781.
[18]Kirkham F W,Mountford J O, Wilkins R J.The effects of nitrogen,potassium and phosphorus addition on the vegetation of a Somerset peat moor under cutting management[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1996,33:1013-1029.