半干旱区气溶胶散射特性研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2005年1月至9月锡林浩特观象台积分浊度计的观测资料,结合同期的PM10质量浓度、能见度以及常规气象资料,分析了半干旱地区气溶胶的散射系数变化特征,讨论了它的季节变化、日变化、不同沙尘天气下气溶胶散射系数的变化情况,以及散射系数与PM10质量浓度、能见度的关系。结果表明1月至9月散射系数总体呈先下降再升高的趋势,日变化呈明显的双峰型；散射系数能很好的反映沙尘天气的强度；它与PM10质量浓度变化规律基本一致,两者之间具有很好的相关性；散射系数与能见度呈指数相关关系。

关键词: 气溶胶, 散射系数, 积分浊度计

Abstract:

The aerosol scattering coefficient was measured with an integrating nephelometer at Xilinhot Observatory from January to September 2005, in combining with the mass concentration of PM10, the visibility, and the routine weather observation data a comprehensive analysis was conducted. We analyzed the seasonal and daily variation featuresof aerosol scattering coefficient. It is found that there is first a slow decline then an ascend from January to September, the daily variation of scattering coefficient presents a curve of bi-peaks. We also discussed the differences between different sand and dust weather. Result shows that the scattering coefficient increases when sand and dust weather occurs, and increases with the increasing sand and dust weather intensity. The scattering coefficient and mass concentration of PM10 have a high correlation coefficient. And there is an exponential relation between the scattering coefficient and the visibility. It proves that the scattering coefficient can monitor the sand and dust weather effectively under the measure precision with no high requirement.

Key words: aerosol, scattering coefficient, integrating nephelometer

中图分类号:

P427.2

章秋英;牛生杰;沈建国;王英舜;武魁;王敏;张凯霞. 半干旱区气溶胶散射特性研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(4): 755-761.

ZHANG Qiu-ying;NIU Sheng-jie;SHEN Jian-guo;WANG Ying-shun;WU Kui;WANG Min;ZHANG Kai-xia. Observational Study on Aerosol Scattering Properties in Semiarid Area[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(4): 755-761.

参考文献

[1]Eidels-Dubovoi S.Aerosol impacts on light extinction in the atmosphere of Mexico City[J].The Science of the Total Environment,2002,287:213-220.
[2]Shendrikar A D,Steinmetz W K.Integrating nephelometer measurements for the airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass concentrations[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:1383-1392.
[3]Chan Y C,Simpson R W,Metainsh G H,et al.Source apportionment of visibility degradation problem in Brisbane(Australia)using the multiple linear regression techniques[J].Atmospheric Environment,1999,33:3237-3250.
[4]胡波,张武,张镭,等.兰州西固区冬季大气气溶胶粒子的散射特征[J].高原气象,2003,22(4):354-360.
[5]苏晨,张小玲,刘强. .上甸子本底站大气粒子光散射系数的特征及影响因素分析[C]∥中国气象学会2006年年会“大气成分与气候、环境变化”分会场论文集.北京:中国气象学会,2006 .
[6]杨莲梅,张广兴,魏文寿,等.粒子散射系数在沙尘天气观测分级中的初步分析[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(3):380-383.
[7]申彦波,沈志宝,汪万福.2001年春季中国北方大气气溶胶光学厚度与沙尘天气[J].高原气象,2003,22(2):185-190.
[8]牛生杰,章澄昌,孙继明.贺兰山地区沙尘暴若干问题的观测研究[J].气象学报,2001,59(2):196-205.
[9]辛金元,张文煜,袁九毅,等.沙尘气溶胶对直接太阳辐射的衰减研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(3):311-315.
[10]牛生杰,孙继明.贺兰山地区大气气溶胶光学特征研究[J].高原气象,2001,20(3):298-301.
[11]沈建国,李嘉鹏,牛生杰,等.沙尘天气中气溶胶光学特性的时空分布特征[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(3):495-501.
[12]李霞,胡秀清,崔彩霞,等.南疆盆地沙尘气溶胶光学特性及我国沙尘天气强度划分标准的研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(4):488-495.
[13]柯宗建,汤洁,王炳忠,等. 积分浊度计在沙尘暴监测网试验中应用分析[J].气象科技,2004,32(4):258-262.
[14]牛生杰,孙继明,桑建人.贺兰山地区沙尘暴发生次数的变化趋势[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(1):55-58.
[15]Xu J,Bergin M H,Yu X,et al.Measurement of aerosol chemical, physical and radiative properties in the Yangtze delta region of China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2002,36:161-173.
[16]Shih M Y,Light scattering and absorption properties of aerosols in the Hong Kong region[D].The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,1999.