盐分对胡杨幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于控制试验研究了盐分对胡杨实生幼苗生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明:①随着盐浓度增大,盐分对胡杨幼苗株高、基径及生物量影响明显,其程度大小为叶＞根＞茎。当土壤含盐量小于18.32 g·kg-1(50 mmol NaCl)时,该处理幼苗生物量比无盐处理Ⅰ(0 mmol NaCl)的减小了30%左右;当土壤含盐量达到27.95 g·kg-1 (200 mmol NaCl)时,该处理幼苗的生物量比无盐处理Ⅰ的减小了80%左右,幼苗难以正常生长。②盐分对胡杨幼苗的光合速率和水分利用效率影响显著。随着盐浓度增大,胡杨幼苗的净光合速率下降。当土壤含盐量小于18.32 g·kg-1时,胡杨幼苗可以通过降低蒸腾速率,提高自身的水分利用效率和耐盐性;当土壤含盐量大于18.32 g·kg-1时,胡杨幼苗的水分利用效率降低,幼苗生长表现出盐害症状。③随着盐浓度增大,盐分对胡杨幼苗的荧光特性影响明显,最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ的有效光化学量子效率（Fv′/Fm′）、光化学淬灭系数（qP）、电子传递速率（ETR）显著减小,非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）呈增大趋势。

关键词: 胡杨幼苗, 盐处理, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光参数

Abstract: The effects of salt stress on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Populus euphratica seedling were studied by pot culture under control condition at Akesu Water Balance Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The results indicate that salt stress impacts the biomass accumulation of different organs, with the intensity following the order: leaf>root>stem. The biomass of P. euphratica seedlings decreased by about 30% of those under the control treatment (0 mmol NaCl treatment) when soil salinity was less than 18.32 g\5kg-1 (50 mmol NaCl treatment). Whereas, when the soil salinity rose to 27.95 g\5kg-1, the biomass of P. euphratica seedlings decreased by about 80% of those in control condition, thus resulting in death of the seedlings. Salt stress also has a significantly effect on the photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of P. euphratica seedlings, with the photosynthetic rate reducing with soil salinity. When soil salinity was lower than 18.32 g\5kg-1, the WUE and salt tolerance of P. euphratica seedlings could be mediated by reducing transpiration rate. Under the condition with soil salinity higher than 18.32 g·kg-1, the WUE decreased, and salt-stressed symptoms occurred. In addition, salt stress impacts the fluorescence performance of P. euphratica seedlings, with Fv/Fm(maximum photochemistry efficiency), Fv′/Fm′(PSⅡ effective photochemistry quantum efficiency), qP(photochemistry quenching coefficient) and ETR(electronic transfer rate) reducing significantly, but NPQ(non-photochemistry quenching coefficient) increasing with soil salinity.

Key words: P. euphratica seedlings, salt treatment, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence

中图分类号:

Q945.78

李菊艳;赵成义*;闫映宇;李君;孙栋元;. 盐分对胡杨幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(1): 80-86.

LI Ju-yan;;ZHAO Cheng-yi;YAN Ying-yu;LI Jun;SUN Dong-yuan;. Effects of Salt on the Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Populus euphratica Seedlings[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2010, 30(1): 80-86.

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