阿克苏地区雷暴时空变化特征

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用阿克苏地区1960—2010年雷暴资料,采用气候倾向率、保证率等气候诊断方法,探讨了阿克苏地区雷暴的时空分布规律、气候变化趋势等。结果表明,阿克苏地区雷暴空间分布表现为西多东少、北多南少,位于该地区西部的乌什县为雷暴多发中心;全区年平均雷暴日数为18.7~52.0 d;阿克苏地区每10 a雷暴日数减少2.8 d;雷暴主要集中在3—11月,7月达到最大值,11月下旬至翌年2月基本无雷暴;80%的保证率下雷暴初日出现在5月中旬至下旬之间,雷暴终日出现在9月下旬至10月中旬之间;阿克苏地区一日当中雷暴主要发生在午后至前半夜,雷暴高峰值出现在16—19时,雷暴平均持续时间在35~47 min,雷暴出现最多的方位是W和N。

关键词: 阿克苏, 雷暴, 时空变化

Abstract: The spatial-temporal variations and change trend of thunderstorms happened in Aksu were analyzed by means of climate diagnose methods such as climatic trend rate and guarantee rate, and based on observation data of thunderstorms from 1960 to 2010. Results showed that: (1) The spatial distribution pattern of thunderstorms in Aksu was characterized by rare in south and east but much in north and west, and with the most frequency in the Uchturpan County. (2) The mean annual thunderstorm frequency in Aksu area ranged from 18.7 to 52.0 days. (3) The variation of the annual thunderstorm days in Aksu decreased at the rate of 2.8 days per decade in these 50 years. (4) Thunderstorms mainly occurred from March to November, with peak in July. There were almost no thunderstorms from late November to the next February. (5) Under the guarantee rate of 80%, the initial day of thunderstorms occurred in period from the second pentad to the third pentad of May, and the last date occurred from the third pentad of September to the second pentad of October. (6) Thunderstorms frequently occurred from afternoon to midnight and the peak appeared in 16:00-19:00. The mean duration was 35~47 minutes and the most frequent direction of thunderstorms was north and west.

Key words: Aksu, thunderstorm, spatial-temporal variations

中图分类号:

P446

艾力·买买提明, 阿吉古丽·沙依提, 何清, 霍文, 杨兴华, 刘新春. 阿克苏地区雷暴时空变化特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(4): 1110-1118.

AI Li-·Mai-mai-ti-ming, A Ji-gu-li-·sha-yi-ti, HE Qing, HUO Wen, YANG Xing-hua, LIU Xin-chun. Spatialtemporal Variations of Thunderstorms in Aksu, Xinjiang, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(4): 1110-1118.

参考文献

[1]胡先锋.江西省雷暴活动时空变化特征及雷电灾害的研究[D].南京信息工程大学,2007.

[2]保尔汗江·买买提.2000-2009年新疆雷电灾情分析[J].干旱区研究,2011,28(2):301-305.

[3]王旭,马德荣.新疆雷暴天气过程分型[J].新疆气象,2002,25(1):8-9.

[4]张家宝,史玉光.新疆气候变化及短期气候预测研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2002:162-166.

[5]包斌,张巎,王旭,等.新疆雷暴的统计特征[J].新疆气象,2001,24(6):13-15.

[6]高婧,井立军,李新东,等.新疆塔城地区雷暴时空分布及变化特征[J].干旱区地理,2010,33(1):37-44.

[7]保尔汗江·买买提.伊犁地区雷暴日特征和雷电防护等级区域划分[J].气象科技,2010,28(6):810-813.

[8]郑玉萍,郭建林.乌鲁木齐地区雷暴的气候特征[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2009,3(1):27-30.

[9]秦春明,秦泉,刘辉,等.玛纳斯河流域雷暴气候特征及防雷应用[J]. 沙漠与绿洲气象,2007,1(6):43-46.

[10]李新豫.阿勒泰地区雷暴日时空分布特征分析[J].科技创新导报,2008,09:147.

[11]谢新,秦榕,勾洪波,等.巴州雷暴的统计特征分析[J].科技资讯,2009,03:34-36

[12]张俊兰.南疆柯坪强雷暴天气的分析[J].气象,2011,37(7):880-888.

[13]王秋香,王晓梅,张春良,等.阿克苏地区雹灾特征及其防雹效益分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2010,4(6):6-11.

[14]刘梅,魏建苏,俞剑蔚,等.近57年江苏省雷暴变化趋势特征分析[J].热带气象学报,2010,26(2):227-234.

[15]景元书,申双和,李明.江苏省雷暴气候特征分析[J].灾害学,2000,15(1):27-30.

[16]傅丽昕,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河源流区近50 a径流量与气候变化关系研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):204-209.

[17]陈少勇,石光普,董安祥,等.祁连山层状云的时空分布及其环流特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(4):946-953.

[18]霍华丽,刘普幸,张克新.宁夏日照时数的时空变化特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(3):521-524.

[19]陶健红.西北地区沙尘天气的时空特征及影响因素分析[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(2):327-334.

[20]纪晓玲,穆建华,周虎,等.45 a来宁夏雷暴气候统计特征及趋势分析[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(4):744-749.

[21]GB50343-2004建筑物电子信息系统防雷技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2004.