河西走廊芦苇(Phragmites australis)种群营养繁殖特征及其对土壤因子的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以河西走廊湿生芦苇为对照，研究盐碱芦苇和沙生芦苇种群根茎的年龄结构、营养繁殖力、潜在种群与现实种群的数量关系及其对土壤因子的响应，探究芦苇（Phragmites australis）种群对土壤因子的趋异适应机理，为芦苇种群的扩展提供理论依据。结果表明：盐碱芦苇和沙生芦苇有6个龄级，湿生芦苇有5个龄级；根茎长度、根茎生物量和干物质贮量盐碱芦苇和沙生芦苇均小于湿生芦苇，根茎长度和生物量的年龄结构均为3龄级占比最大，最高龄级占比最小，干物质贮量以5龄级根茎最大，1龄级根茎最小；与湿生芦苇相较，相同龄级盐碱和沙生芦苇均存在显著性差异（P<0.05）。盐碱芦苇芽库总存量要远大于湿生芦苇，但沙生芦苇要远小于湿生芦苇；芦苇种群根茎芽均以2龄级占比最大，从4龄级开始明显下降，但沙生芦苇从5龄级开始下降。盐碱芦苇和沙生芦苇侧生蘖比例较大，湿生芦苇主蘖所占比重较大。3种生态型芦苇群落样地土壤因子均存在显著性差异（P<0.05），盐碱生境pH值和含盐量高于湿地生境，盐碱和沙地两种生境其余各营养指标均小于湿地生境。土壤含水量和碱解氮含量是影响芦苇生长的重要正向驱动因素，而土壤含盐量为重要的负向驱动因素，不同生境的芦苇可以通过调节自身根茎休眠芽与活动芽间的转换、根茎的发育以及主蘖和侧生蘖发育，以应对各自遭遇的生境。

关键词: 生态型, 根茎年龄结构, 营养繁殖力, 土壤因子

Abstract: In this paper, the age structure of rhizome, vegetative productivity, quantitative relationship between potential population and actual population, and the response to soil factors of the populations of saline alkali Phragmites australis and sand P. australis were studied. In order to provide theoretical basis for the expansion of P. australis population, the mechanism of adaptation of P. australis population to soil factors was explored. The results showed that there were 6 age classes of saline alkali P. australis and sand P. australis, and 5 age classes of wet P. australis. The length of rhizome, biomass and dry matter storage of saline alkali P. australis and sand P. australis were smaller than that of wet P. australis. The age structure of rhizome length and biomass was the third age class with the largest proportion and the highest age class with the smallest proportion; the age structure of dry matter storage was the fifth age class with the largest proportion and the first age class with the smallest proportion. There was significant difference between two adversity P. australis and wet P. australis in the same age class. The pH value and salt content of saline alkali habitat were higher than those of wetland habitat, and the other nutrition indexes of saline alkali and sandy land were lower than those of wetland habitat. Soil water content and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content were the important positive driving factors for P. australis growth, while soil salt content was the important negative driving factor. P. australis in different habitats can cope with their own habitats by regulating the transformation between dormant buds and active buds, the development of rhizomes, and the development of main tillers and lateral tillers.

Key words: ecotype, age structure of rhizome, vegetative reproductive capacit, soil factor

中图分类号:

Q948.11

独肖艳, 焦润安, 焦健, 陈丽, 刘鑫, 张玲豫, 李朝周. 河西走廊芦苇(Phragmites australis)种群营养繁殖特征及其对土壤因子的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(3): 201-209.

Du Xiaoyan, Jiao Run'an, Jiao Jian, Chen Li, Liu Xin, Zhang Lingyu, Li Chaozhou. Vegetative reproduction characteristics and its responses to soil factors of different ecotypes of Phragmites australis in Hexi Corridor[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(3): 201-209.

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