中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 127-138.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00026
收稿日期:
2021-11-25
修回日期:
2022-03-24
出版日期:
2022-05-20
发布日期:
2022-06-01
作者简介:
陈思宇(1984—),女,上海人,教授,主要从事沙尘物理过程、大气环境与气候变化相互作用等研究。E-mail: chensiyu@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Siyu Chen(), Yawen Guan, Dan Zhao, Gaotong Lou, Yu Chen
Received:
2021-11-25
Revised:
2022-03-24
Online:
2022-05-20
Published:
2022-06-01
摘要:
地面温度日较差(DTR)作为重要天气和气候指标,反映昼夜温差极值,比平均气温对地表辐射收支的变化更敏感,对环境变化和气候异常具有重要参考价值。沙尘气溶胶的气候效应是影响岩石圈-大气-海洋系统的重要因子,但目前的研究较少涉及沙尘气溶胶对DTR的影响机制。基于WRF-Chem模式(Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry)揭示2002—2005年沙尘气溶胶气候效应对东亚地面温度日较差的影响。结果表明:WRF-Chem模式可以很好体现东亚气象场和沙尘气溶胶的时空分布特征。沙尘气候效应导致东亚大陆大部分地区DTR减小,沙尘直接辐射效应在其中起决定性作用。在白天,沙尘直接辐射强迫加热大气、冷却地表,减小地面总净辐射而降低日最高温度,导致DTR减小。在中国青藏高原和东北部地区,沙尘气溶胶间接效应占主导地位,导致青藏高原地区积雪覆盖减少,东北地区云水含量减小,间接导致DTR增大。
中图分类号:
陈思宇, 贯雅雯, 赵丹, 娄高僮, 陈渔. 东亚沙尘气候效应对地面温度日较差影响的数值模拟[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(3): 127-138.
Siyu Chen, Yawen Guan, Dan Zhao, Gaotong Lou, Yu Chen. Influence of dust aerosol on land surface diurnal temperature range over East Asia Simulated with the WRF-Chem model[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(3): 127-138.
图1 MODIS卫星反演(第一行)和模式模拟(第二行)东亚2002—2005年不同季节550 nm AOD
Fig.1 Seasonal mean AOD at 550 nm from 2002 to 2005 based on MODIS retrievals (top panel) and WRF-Chem simulation (bottom)
图2 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年不同季节沙尘气候效应导致地面温度的改变
Fig.2 Change of land surface temperature induced by dust aerosol in four seasons during 2002-2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图3 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年不同季节沙尘气候效应导致日最高地面温度的改变量
Fig.3 Change of maximum diurnal land surface temperature induced by dust aerosol in four seasons during 2002-2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图4 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年不同季节沙尘气候效应导致日最低地面温度的改变量
Fig.4 Change of minimum diurnal land surface temperature induced by dust aerosol in four seasons during 2002-2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图5 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年不同季节沙尘气候效应导致地面温度日较差的改变量
Fig.5 Change of diurnal land surface temperature range induced by dust aerosol in four seasons during 2002-2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图6 WRF-Chem模式模拟的2002—2005年沙尘气候效应对不同季节东亚内陆地面日最高温度、日最低温度以及地面温度日较差改变量
Fig.6 Change of maximum diurnal temperature, minimum diurnal temperature, diurnal temperature range induced by dust aerosol in four seasons during 2002-2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图7 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年沙尘气候效应对东亚地面日最高温度(A)、日最低温度(B)以及地面温度日较差(C)影响
Fig.7 The influence of dust aerosol on maximum diurnal temperature (A), minimum diurnal temperature (B), diurnal temperature range (C) over East Asia from 2002 to 2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图8 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年沙尘气溶胶地面短波(SW)、长波(LW)以及净辐射强迫(NET,SW+LW)在白天(第一行)和夜晚(第二行)空间分布
Fig.8 The spatial distribution of shortwave (SW), longwave (LW) and net (NET, SW+LW) radiative forcing in day time (top panel) and at night (bottom), simulated by WRF-Chem in East Asia during 2002-2005
图9 WRF-Chem模拟的沙尘对云水含量(LWP)、积雪当量(SNOW)、土壤湿度(SM)、 降水量(PREP)、地面日最高温度(Tmax)、日最低温度(Tmin)以及地面温度日较差(DTR)改变量之间的交叉相关系数
Fig.9 The cross-correlation coefficients between the change of dinurnal temperature range (DTR) and influential factors, listed as follow: liquid water path (LWP), snow cover (SNOW), soil moisture (SW), precipitation (PREP), surface maximum diurnal temperature (Tmax) and surface minimum diurnal temperature, simulated by the WRF-Chem model
图10 WRF-Chem模拟的2002—2005年平均沙尘气候效应对云水含量、积雪当量变化量的影响
Fig.10 The influence of dust aerosol on liquid water path and snow cover over East Asia from 2002 to 2005 based on the WRF-Chem model
图11 WRF-Chem模拟的2002-2005年沙尘气候效应在中国东北地区(48°—55°N, 118°—135°E,A)和青藏高原(26°—40°N, 73°—105°E,B)导致的日最高温度(橙色线)、日最低温度(绿色线)、地面温度日较差(红色线)以及云水含量(蓝色线,A)和积雪当量(蓝色线,B)月变化的区域平均标准化序列
Fig.11 The normalization of monthly variations of liquid water path (blue line in A), snow cover (blue line in B), maximum diurnal temperature (orange line), minimum diurnal temperature (green line) and dinurnal temperature range (red line) in the northeast of China (A) and the Tibetan Plateau (B)from 2002 to 2005 simulated by the WRF-Chem model
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