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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 9-20.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00124

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中国东部典型沙地植被覆盖度对降水变化的响应

卜凡蕊(), 刘颖, 邹学勇   

  1. 北京师范大学 地理科学学部 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室/防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-14 修回日期:2022-09-28 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-31
  • 作者简介:卜凡蕊(1999—),女,安徽亳州市人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤风蚀与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: 1556458552@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41630747)

Response of vegetation coverage to precipitation change in the typical sandy lands of eastern China

Fanrui Bu(), Ying Liu, Xueyong Zou   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology / MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2022-09-14 Revised:2022-09-28 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31

摘要:

降水对中国东部沙地植被覆盖度产生重要影响,了解植被覆盖度对降水量变化的响应,对制定植被恢复策略具有重要意义。选择毛乌素沙地和科尔沁沙地,使用Landsat系列数据和MODIS数据得到2000—2020年归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据集,用像元二分法分别计算了年内最大和生长季平均的植被覆盖度。结合地面气象站在1999—2020年观测的逐日降水数据,分析了植被覆盖度对降水变化的响应。结果表明:(1)毛乌素沙地和科尔沁沙地的年内最大和生长季平均植被覆盖度均有增长趋势,其中毛乌素沙地的生长季平均植被覆盖度>30%的面积增加最显著,科尔沁沙地>50%的面积增加最显著。(2)这两个沙地的年降水量和四季降水量都呈增加趋势,且有降水变率大和夏季增幅最大的共同特点。(3)毛乌素沙地的年内最大和生长季平均植被覆盖度都对前一年夏季降水量变化的响应最敏感,而在科尔沁沙地则是对当年夏季降水量变化的响应最敏感。(4)不同植被类型对降水量变化发生响应的滞后时间不同。

关键词: 年内最大植被覆盖度, 平均植被覆盖度, 生长季, 季节降水

Abstract:

Precipitation has an important impact on vegetation coverage in eastern desert regions of China. Understanding the response of vegetation coverage to precipitation changes is of importance to making strategies for vegetation restoration. Mu Us Sandy Land and Horqin Sandy Land, which are typical sandy lands in eastern China, were selected, the Landsat series data and MODIS data were used to obtain the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data set in 2000-2020, and the pixel dichotomy method was used to compute the maximum vegetation coverage in each year and the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons. Then, the daily precipitation data observed by weather stations from 1999 to 2020 were combined with the data of the vegetation coverage to analyze the response of vegetation coverage to precipitation changes in different seasons. The results showed: (1) Both of the maximum vegetation coverage in a year and the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons appeared an increasing trend in Mu Us Sandy Land and Horqin Sandy Land, the increasing rate of the maximum vegetation coverage was 6.5%/10a and 4.1%/10a, respectively, and the increasing rate of the average vegetation coverage was 6.3%/10a and 3.6%/10a, respectively. Among them, the most significant increase with >30% of the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons was found in Mu Us Sandy Land, and that with >50% of the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons was found in Horqin Sandy Land. (2) The annual precipitation and the seasonal precipitation in the two sandy lands showed an increasing trend, the increasing rate was 50.4 mm/10a and 46.7 mm/10a, respectively. The precipitation was of the common characteristics of large variability and the largest summer increase. (3) Both of the yearly maximum vegetation coverage and the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons in Mu Us Sandy Land were most sensitive to the response of the summer precipitation in previous year, while those in Horqin Sandy Land were most sensitive to the response of the summer precipitation in the same year. (4) Different vegetation types have different lag times in response to precipitation changes.

Key words: yearly maximum vegetation coverage, average vegetation coverage, growing season, seasonal precipitation

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