连古城自然保护区3种盐爪爪属（ Kalidium ）植物根际土壤细菌群落结构

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐生植物在盐碱化土壤中的生长与适应受土壤环境的影响，进而通过根系分泌物招募相关微生物群落。本研究选择民勤连古城国家级自然保护区内片段化/局域化分布的3种盐爪爪属（Kalidium）植物——细枝盐爪爪（Kalidium gracile）、盐爪爪（Kalidium foliatum）和黄毛头（Kalidium sinicum），采用高通量测序技术，对3种植物根际土壤细菌群落的组成和多样性进行分析，并探讨其环境驱动因子。结果表明：3种植物分布区的土壤都属于盐碱土，盐爪爪和细枝盐爪爪的分布区域土壤主要含有硫酸盐和氯化物，而黄毛头的分布区土壤则以氯化物为主。3种植物根际土壤样品中变形菌门（Pseudomonadota）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）为主要优势菌，细枝盐爪爪根际土壤样品的α-多样性指数显著高于其他两个种的样品，3种盐爪爪属植物根际土壤的11种关键生物标志物在不同植物中分布类群不同。根际土壤样品pH值与细菌多样性正相关，而黄杆菌目（Flavobacteriales）丰度与多种离子浓度负相关。根际土壤细菌群落中各优势细菌相对丰度在3种盐爪爪属植物分布区的差异性，与土壤总含盐量及主要盐离子含量正相关。土壤pH值和离子浓度变化是民勤连古城自然保护区3种盐爪爪属植物根际土壤细菌群落结构差异的关键因素，在一定程度上影响了3种盐生植物的区域性分布。

关键词: 盐爪爪属（Kalidium）, 根际细菌, 盐离子, 耐盐性

Abstract:

The rhizosphere microbial community significantly influences the growth and adaptation of halophytic plants in saline-alkaline soils. In this study， we selected three species of the genus Kalidium—Kalidium gracile， Kalidium foliatum， and Kalidium sinicum—whose fragmented/localized distributions are found within the Minqin Liangu Cheng National Nature Reserve. Using high-throughput sequencing technology， we analyzed the composition and diversity of the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities associated with these three species and investigated their environmental driving factors. The results showed that the soils in the distribution areas of all three species were classified as saline-alkaline. The distribution areas of K. foliatum and K. gracile primarily contained sulfates and chlorides， while the soil in the distribution area of K. sinicum was predominantly chloride. The dominant phyla in the rhizosphere soil samples of all three species were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota. Notably， the α-diversity index of the rhizosphere soil samples from K. gracile was significantly higher than those of the other two species. Additionally， the distribution of 11 key microbial biomarkers in the rhizosphere soils varied among the different species. A positive correlation was observed between the pH of the rhizosphere soil and bacterial diversity， while the abundance of Flavobacteriales exhibited a negative correlation with salt ion concentrations. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil communities across the three Kalidium species showed variation that was positively correlated with the total soil salinity and the concentrations of major salt ions. These findings suggest that changes in soil pH and ion concentrations are key factors contributing to the differences in the bacterial community structure of the rhizosphere soils associated with the three Kalidium species in the Minqin Liangu Cheng Nature Reserve， which， to some extent， influence the regional distribution of these halophytic plants.

Key words: Kalidium, rhizosphere bacteria, salt ions, salt tolerance

中图分类号:

S154.3

周膂卓, 常宗强, 吴雨霞. 连古城自然保护区3种盐爪爪属（ Kalidium ）植物根际土壤细菌群落结构[J]. 中国沙漠, 2025, 45(1): 249-258.

Lüzhuo Zhou, Zongqiang Chang, Yuxia Wu. Rhizobacterial community structures of three Kalidium species in the Liangucheng National Nature Reserve， China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(1): 249-258.

图/表 5

图1 3种盐爪爪采样地点注：基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站标准地图（审图号：GS（2016）2923号）制作，底图边界无修改

Fig.1 Sampling locations for three species in Kalidium

图2 3种盐爪爪根际土壤（A）与植株（B）离子含量

Fig.2 Ion content of rhizospheric soil （A） and plant shoot （B） of three species in Kalidium

图3 3种盐爪爪根际土壤细菌的优势类群细菌群落Venn分析（A）、门水平前10位优势种主要细菌群落相对丰度（B）、目水平前10位优势种主要细菌群落相对丰度（C）、PCoA分析（D）

Fig.3 The core bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of three species in Kalidium. （A） Venn analysis of shared， unique bacterial；（B） The relative abundance of major microbiome （The top ten dominant species at phylum level）；（C） The relative abundance of major microbiome （The top ten dominant species at order level）；（D） PCoA analysis

图4 3种盐爪爪根际土壤生物标志物

Fig.4 Biomarkers of rhizosphere soil of three species in Kalidium

图5 土壤盐离子对3种盐爪爪根际土壤细菌群落的影响及潜在驱动因素

Fig.5 The effects of soil salt ions on the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of three species in Kalidium and their potential driving factors. （A） The environmental driving factors of rhizobacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of three species in Kalidium based on Mantel test；（B） The environmental driving factors of the dominant bacterial species in the rhizosphere soil of three species in Kalidium based on Spearman's correlation test

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