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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 284-293.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00012

• • 上一篇    

黄河甘肃段上游及洮河大型底栖动物群落结构特征及影响因素

王昱1,2(), 袁兴鹏1, 李浩霖3, 张英4, 苗天4, 田苗1, 信雅玲1, 胡飞燕1   

  1. 1.兰州理工大学,能源与动力工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730050
    2.兰州理工大学,西北低碳城镇支撑技术协同创新中心,甘肃 兰州 730050
    3.北京工业大学,北京 100124
    4.甘肃省水环境监测中心,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26 修回日期:2025-02-03 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-26
  • 作者简介:王昱(1979—),男,甘肃永昌人,博士,教授,主要从事生态水文及水力学方面的研究。E-mail: wangyu-mike@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52169015);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(23YFFA0020);甘肃省2024年水利科研与技术推广项目(23GSLK032)

Community structure and influencing factors characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the upper Yellow RiverGansu sectionand Taohe River

Yu Wang1,2(), Xingpeng Yuan1, Haolin Li3, Ying Zhang4, Tian Miao4, Miao Tian1, Yaling Xin1, Feiyan Hu1   

  1. 1.College of Energy and Power Engineering /, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
    2.Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Low Carbon Town Support Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
    3.Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China
    4.Gansu Water Environment Monitoring Center,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2024-11-26 Revised:2025-02-03 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-26

摘要:

为探究黄河流域上游干支流大型底栖动物群落结构特征及差异性,于2023年7—8月对甘肃境内黄河干流及支流洮河18个采样点大型底栖动物的组成及数量进行了调查研究。采得大型底栖动物77种,其中节肢动物、软体动物、环节动物的物种数分别为62、11、4种。干、支流采集到的大型底栖动物分别为32、66种,共有物种为21种。就整个研究区域而言,优势种为异钩虾(Anisogammarus sp.)、卵萝卜螺(Radix ovata)、耳萝卜螺(Radix auricularia)。研究区域内大型底栖动物现存量空间差异性显著,密度表现为支流>干流,生物量表现为支流<干流。大型底栖动物功能摄食类群参数表明,干流在物质纵向输送能力方面参数为0,而支流各项参数较为完整。独立样本t检验表明大型底栖动物Margalef丰富度指数在干支流之间具有极显著性差异(P<0.01),表现为支流大型底栖动物丰富度显著高于干流。Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,在诸多环境因子中,溶解氧、水温、溶解性总固体、盐度、海拔、pH对黄河流域干支流底栖动物的分布影响较大。

关键词: 黄河流域, 干流, 支流, 大型底栖动物, 生物多样性

Abstract:

This study investigates the characteristics of macrozoobenthos community structure in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin, as well as the distribution variability between the mainstem and tributaries. A total of 18 sampling sites on the main stream of the Yellow River and its tributary Taohe River in Gansu were investigated in July-August 2023 to study the composition and quantity of macrozoobenthos. Seventy-seven species of macrozoobenthos were collected, including 62 species of arthropods, 11 species of mollusks, and 4 species of annelids. The numbers of macrozoobenthos collected from the main stream and its tributaries were 32 and 66 species respectively, and there were 21 common species. Across the entire study area, the dominant species were Anisogammarus sp., Radix ovata, and Radix auricularia. Significant spatial variability in macrozoobenthos was observed in the study area. The density of macrozoobenthos in tributaries was higher than that in the mainstem, while the biomass in tributaries was lower than in the mainstem.Functional feeding taxa analysis revealed that longitudinal transport capacity in the mainstem was zero, while the tributaries exhibited a more comprehensive range of parameters. Independent samples t-tests showed that the macrozoobenthos Margalef richness index was highly significant (P<0.01) between the mainstem and tributaries, indicating that macrozoobenthos richness was significantly higher in tributaries than in the mainstem. Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that among various environmental factors, dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature (WT), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, altitude, and pH had a greater impact on the distribution of benthic animals in both the main stream and tributaries of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: Yellow River Basin, main stream, tributary, macrozoobenthos, biodiversity

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