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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 39-49.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00032

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戈壁地表风沙动力过程及道路工程沙害防治研究进展

张克存1(), 潘加朋1,2, 安志山1, 谢胜波1, 薛承杰1,2, 王军战1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07 修回日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 作者简介:张克存(1978—),男,甘肃民勤人,研究员,主要从事风沙灾害与防沙工程研究。E-mail: kecunzh@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42171083);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA601)

Research progress on aeolian dynamics and sand hazard prevention along road in gobi regions

Kecun Zhang1(), Jiapeng Pan1,2, Zhishan An1, Shengbo Xie1, Chengjie Xue1,2, Junzhan Wang1   

  1. 1.Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecological and Environmental Research Station / National Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-03-27 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30

摘要:

戈壁是干旱区典型荒漠景观,也是沙区道路工程沿线的主要地表类型。受下垫面性质、地表物质组成和沙源储量的影响,戈壁地区风沙动力机制及道路工程沙害防治侧重点不同。针对砾质戈壁与沙砾质戈壁,深入探究了近地表风动力环境与风沙输移过程的差异,围绕道路工程沿线的2种戈壁沙害特点、形成机理以及防护体系构建及其效益评价等,系统总结了戈壁地区道路工程沙害防治研究进展,梳理了戈壁地区道路工程主要防沙措施及其应用情景。沙砾质地表为隐性潜在沙源,兼具沙、砾和粉沙夹层分布的特点,加强沙砾质地表风沙过程研究有助于保障西部戈壁地区道路工程行车安全和提升交通运输能力。

关键词: 戈壁, 地表类型, 风沙动力过程, 防沙工程, 效益评价

Abstract:

Gobi is a typical arid desert landscape and a major surface type along road in sandy regions. Influenced by underlying surface properties, surface material composition, and sand source reserves, the aeolian dynamic mechanisms and the focus of sand hazard prevention priorities in road engineering differ in gobi regions. This study delved into the differences in near-surface wind dynamics and aeolian transport processes between gravelly gobi surface and sandy-gravelly gobi surface. It systematically summarized the research progress on sand disaster prevention and control in road engineering in gobi regions, focusing on the characteristics, formation mechanisms, protective system, and their effectiveness evaluation of the two types of gobi sand hazards along road engineering routes. It also reviewed the main sand control measures and their applications in gobi road engineering. The sandy-gravelly surface, being a latent potential sand source with a mixed distribution of sand, gravel, and powdery sand layers, made it essential to strengthen the study of aeolian processes on sandy-gravelly surfaces. This helped ensure road safety and enhanced transport capacity in the gobi regions of the western China.

Key words: gobi, surface type, aeolian dynamics, sand control engineering, effectiveness evaluation

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