饱和流沙和苔藓结皮在蒸发过程中的水分特征研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用Star-1微型水分蒸发测定系统（SC-DLO,Wageningen, Netherlands）研究了饱和流沙（后文简称流沙）和苔藓结皮（取自1956年人工固沙植被区）蒸发过程中水势、蒸发量和水分特征曲线的变化特点。研究发现,流沙和苔藓结皮的水势在蒸发过程中呈现出各自特点,而且其蒸发的持续时间也具有明显差异;流沙和苔藓结皮的蒸发量都经历了先稳定,后增加,最后又降低三个过程,但流沙的蒸发量比同期纯水稍高,而苔藓结皮与纯水基本无明显差异;在相同吸力条件下,流沙释放的植物可以利用的有效水比苔藓结皮多近1/5,故苔藓结皮的持水能力明显强于流沙。对流沙和苔藓结皮蒸发过程中的水势、蒸发量和不同吸力条件下土壤体积含水率所做的统计分析表明:流沙和苔藓结皮的水势和不同吸力条件下土壤的体积含水率具有显著性差异,而两者的蒸发量没有明显差异。

关键词: 流沙, 苔藓结皮, 蒸发, 水分特征, 沙坡头

Abstract: This paper studied the variation characteristics on water potential, evaporation weight and water retention of saturated moving sand and moss soil crust (sampled from the artificial sand-fixing vegetation area in 1956) in evaporation processes by Star-1 Minitype Water Evaporation Measuring System（SC-DLO,Wageningen, Netherlands）. The results showed that the water potential of moving sand and moss soil crust performed different characteristics, and there were significant difference on the evaporation duration between them. The evaporation weight of them experienced three phases: stable phase, increasing phase, reducing phase. But the evaporation weight of moving sand was higher than that of pure water in same term; however, there was no significant difference on it between moss soil crust and pure water. Under the same suction condition, moving sand released more available water than moss soil crust, which suggested that the latter had stronger water holding capacity. According to the result of statistic analysis, the evaporation weight and the soil volumetric water content in different suction condition varied significantly between moving sand and moss soil crust in soil evaporation process. But their evaporation weight appeared no remarkable difference.

Key words: moving sand, moss soil crust, evaporation, water characteristic, Shapotou

中图分类号:

S152.7

郑敬刚;张志山;冯丽;何明珠;李新荣. 饱和流沙和苔藓结皮在蒸发过程中的水分特征研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(2): 234-238.

ZHENG Jing-gang;ZHANG Zhi-shan;FENG LI;HE Ming-zhu;LI Xin-rong. Water Characteristics of Saturated Moving Sand and Moss Soil Crust in Soil Evaporation[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2007, 27(2): 234-238.

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