关键词: 水环境, 水管理, 水利用率, 试验示范, 黑河流域

Abstract: Water resource, as a natural resource, has become a vital and foundational resource of state stratagem. United Nations ranked our country in the thirteen water-poor countries. In the region of Chinese inland rivers, which occupied one thirds of China, natural resource shortage and irrational development made the water issue become a crucial restriction of economic development and environment protection of basins. This paper researched issues of water, ecology and environment in the Heihe river, a typical Chinese inland river. The potential of basin water resource has been used out under the traditional production way. To mitigate water scarcity at river-basin level it is necessary to increase efficiency per unit of water. The paper summarized some achievements of the project, a CAS knowledge innovation program, of experiment and demonstration research of basin water-ecology-economy system in the Heihe River, such as conserving water source in the upper reaches, constructing water-saving oasis in the middle reaches, raising use rate of ecological water in the lower reaches, which revealed that synthesis benefit of basin water-ecology-economy system could still be raised greatly. What still need study hard longtime were to understand earth surface process and its evolvement of inland rivers at basin level, to integrate technological system and model of eco-rehabilitation, to recognize water cycle in the whole basin, to carry out experiment of basin eco-hydrology and to establish basin science foundation of inland river.

Key words: water environment, water use rate, experiment, demonstration, Heihe river