新疆绿洲城市空间扩展特征及其驱动力分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绿洲城市是绿洲人类生产、生活的集聚中心,也是人地关系最为敏感的区域。研究绿洲城市空间扩展及其动力机制对掌握干旱区城市空间扩展规律,因势利导地引导城市向合理的空间形态模式演进,促进绿洲城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。以新疆17个绿洲城市为研究对象,利用1990、2000年和2007年Landsat遥感影像,运用GIS空间分析和统计分析,深入探讨了干旱区绿洲城市近20 a城市空间扩展特征及其驱动机制。结果表明:①天山北坡经济带绿洲城市空间扩展速度与强度较高,东疆和南疆地区绿洲城市相对较低。相对于中东部城市,新疆绿洲城市扩展强度较小,速度较慢。②位于山前凹陷带、山前盆地或地形复杂老绿洲城市分维数较高,紧凑度较低; 平原绿洲城市分维数较低,结构紧凑。③新疆绿洲城市空间扩展的主要驱动力是人口增长、经济发展、交通基础设施的建设、资源以及政策规划。

关键词: 城市空间扩展, 绿洲城市, 驱动力, 新疆

Abstract: Oasis cities is the largest concentration of human activities in arid area, and the man-land relationship is extremely fragile there. From the perspective of morphological characteristics and dynamic mechanism, the spatial expansion of oasis cities in Xinjiang show significant differences compared with in other areas in China. In this paper, spatial expansion of oasis cities in Xinjiang was evaluated with 42 Landsat satellite images in 1990, 2000 and 2007. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The oasis cities with relatively high expansion speed and intensity are located in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, and the oasis cities with relatively low expansion speed and intensity are located in eastern and southern Xinjiang. Expansion speed and intensity of the oasis cities in Xinjiang are less than those of cities in eastern China. (2) The oasis cities located in the depression belt, piedmont basins or areas with various topographies have high fractal dimensions and little compactness, and those oasis cities in plain areas had low fractal dimensions and are more compact. (3) The main driving forces of urban expansion in Xinjiang are population growth, economic development and traffic infrastructure construction.

Key words: urban spatial expansion, oasis city, driving force, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

K901.8

刘雅轩;张小雷;雷军;朱磊. 新疆绿洲城市空间扩展特征及其驱动力分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(4): 1015-1021.

LIU Ya-xuan;ZHANG Xiao-lei;LEI Jun;ZHU Lei. Spatial Expansion and Driving Forces of Oasis Cities in Xinjiang, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(4): 1015-1021.

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