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中国沙漠 ›› 2007, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 725-732.

• 沙漠与沙漠化 • 上一篇    下一篇

高寒草甸地区沙漠化发展过程及成因分析——以黄河源区玛多县为例

薛 娴1,2, 郭 坚1, 张 芳1, 宗 莉1, 韩邦帅1, 黄翠华1
  

  1. 1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所/中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000; 2.兰州大学资源环境与工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2006-10-20 修回日期:2007-01-15 出版日期:2007-09-20 发布日期:2007-09-20

Development and Cause of Aeolian Desertification in Alpine Region—In Case of Maduo County in Yellow River Source Area

XUE Xian1,2, GUO Jian1, ZHANG Fang1, ZONG Li1, HAN Bang-shuai1, HUANG Cui-hua1   

  1. 1.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.Resource and Environmental Department, Lanhzou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2006-10-20 Revised:2007-01-15 Online:2007-09-20 Published:2007-09-20

摘要: 遥感监测和野外调查研究结果表明:玛多县的沙漠化经历了由迅速发展到急剧逆转的过程,其中,20世纪80年代到2000年是沙漠化迅速发展的时期,沙漠化土地面积从1987年的12 827.6 km2增加到16 330.7 km2,达到全县土地总面积的64.7%,而在此后的6 a里,沙漠化状况得以有效逆转,在2006年,沙漠化土地下降到12 977.2 km2,年均逆转面积为559 km2;研究区沙漠化发生、发展的主要原因是气候变暖引起的冻土退化,以及随之引起的表土干旱化、草场退化、鼠害等;人类活动虽然在研究区沙漠化发生、发展过程中没有起到主导作用,但是可以通过以草定畜、围栏、灭鼠等措施有效控制沙漠化的发展,并使其得到逆转。

关键词: 沙漠化, 气候变暖, 冻土退化, 人类活动, 逆转

Abstract: The results from remote sensor monitoring and field survey show that aeolian desertification process in the study area can be distributed into two stages: the developing stage from late 1980s to 2000, and the reversing stage form 2000 to 2006. Aeolian desertification area in the study area was 12 827.6 km2 in 1987, and reached up to 16 330.7 km2 in 2000 which occupied 64.7% of total area of the county, then dropped down to 12 977.2 km2 in 2006; Aeolian desertification in study area mainly results from climate warming which deteriorate the frozen soil and lead to the drought of topsoil, grassland degradation and rodent pesticide; human action has not dominantly resulted in the aeolian desertification, however, can control and reverse it effectively by some measures such as confirming livestock number according to the carry capacity of grassland, enclosing grassland and extinguishing rodents pesticide and so on.

Key words: aeolian desertification, climate warming, frozen soil deterioration, human action, reversing

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