关键词: 新疆, 博州地区, 气候暖湿化, 气候特征, 变化趋势

Abstract: In Bole region (Bortala Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture for short), one of the sensitive zones to global climate warming and wetting in North Xinjiang, many climate phenomena relating to the agronomic activities and the climatic resources such as wind energy and solar energy etc. had experienced a series of change. The accumulated ≥0℃ and ≥10℃ active temperature increased outstandingly, the mean temperature during the key crop growing period (from May to August) increased. The intensity of delayed low temperature harm weakened and the frequency of phase low temperature reduced. Both the last date of frost and the first date of the 10℃ accumulative active temperature appearing advanced, whereas the first date of frost and the last date of the 10℃ accumulative active temperature appearing delayed. The warm winter has not only reduced the cost for warming air in vegetable canopy and caused a large vegetation production scale, but also enhanced the survival security for the winter crops and domestic animals. In mountainous region, the frequency of wet day with daily precipitation >12.0 mm increased, consequently flood increased. The frequency of snowy day with daily precipitation >3.0 mm increased in Bole valley, but the lasting period of stable snow accumulation shorted in mountainous region. The date of the first soil saturated rain delayed and the frequency of soil saturated rain reduced in Bole, resulting in an enhanced aridity tendency. The frequency of wind disaster reduced significantly, so did the annual mean wind speed and the annual sunshine duration. During the key period of crop growing (May to August), the daily air temperature difference reduced remarkably in Bole, and the sunshine duration decreased in Wenquan. These changes of climatic element over Bole region seem to be beneficial to agricultural production, but disadvantageous to energy development.

Key words: Bole region in Xinjiang, climate warming and wetting, climatic feature, changing tendency