胡杨（Populus euphratica）异形叶叶绿素荧光动力学

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 荒漠地区的胡杨（Populus euphratica ）叶片为多态形，呈现出由披针形叶到锯齿卵圆形叶的规律性变化。为了研究胡杨异形叶的电子传递和光能吸收、分配和耗散对额济纳荒漠地区的适应特征，分别连续测定了生长季内胡杨两种典型叶片（披针形叶和锯齿卵圆形叶）的叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线。结果表明：（1）锯齿卵圆形叶的光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）原初光能转换效率（F_v/F_m）和PSⅡ的潜在活性（F_v/F_o）、光能利用参数（PI ）高于披针形叶，Q_A的积累量（V_j ）、Q_A还原的相对速率（M_o）小于披针形叶；（2）锯齿卵圆形叶的反应中心密度（RC /CS_o）、单位横截面积上电子传递能量（ET_o/CS_o）高于披针形叶，单位横截面积上耗散的能量（DI_o/CS_o）以及单位反应中心上的能量流参数（ABS /RC 、ET_o/RC 、TR_o/RC 、DI_o/RC ）低于披针形叶；（3）锯齿卵圆形叶用于光化学反应和电子传递的能量比例（Φ_Po、Ψ_o、Φ_Eo）大于披针形叶，非光化学猝灭的最大量子产额（Φ_Do）小于披针形叶。这说明，胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶相对披针形叶具有更有效的能量分配策略，对极端环境条件的适应性更强。

关键词: 叶绿素荧光, 季节变化, 胡杨(Populus euphratica), 披针形叶, 卵圆形叶

Abstract: Populus euphratica has two typical types of heterophylly (lanceolate and dentate broad-ovate) leaves. The characteristics of acclimation in photochemistry, thermal energy dissipation and electron transport in heteromorphic leaves of Populus euphratica Oliver in the Egina desert region were studied by measuring the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves (OJIP). The results indicated that the dentate broad-ovate leaves had the higher maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) (F_v/F_m), potential activity of PSⅡ (F_v/F_o), vitality indices (PI), active reaction centers per cross-section (RC /CS_o), electron transport flux per cross-section (ET_o/CS_o), the fluxes ratios (Φ_Po,Ψ_o,Φ_Eo). However, the initial slope of fluorescence intensity (M₀), fluorescence intensity at the J step (Vj), energy fluxes per reaction center (ABS /RC, ET_o/RC, TR_o/RC, DI_o/RC), maximum quantum yield of non-photochemical deexcitation (Φ_Do) of the dentate broad-ovate leaves were lower than the lanceolate leaves. The results showed that the dentate broad-ovate leaves had the more effective energy allocation strategy, so it was more tolerant to the extreme stressful environment.

Key words: the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves, seasonal variation, Populus euphraticar, lanceolate leaves, broad-ovate leaves

中图分类号:

Q945.79

刘晓晴, 常宗强, 马亚丽, 吴雨霞. 胡杨（Populus euphratica）异形叶叶绿素荧光动力学[J]. 中国沙漠, 2014, 34(3): 704-711.

Liu Xiaoqing, Chang Zongqiang, Ma Yali, Wu Yuxia. Characteristics of the Fast Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics of Heteromorphic Leaves in Populus euphratica [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(3): 704-711.

参考文献

[1] Genty B,Briantais J M,Baker N R.The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects,1989,990(1):87-92.
[2] Schreiber U,Bilger W,Neubauer C.Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Nonintrusive Indicator for Rapid Assessment of in Vivo Photosynthesis[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer,1994:49-70.
[3] 李鹏民,高辉远,Strasser R J.快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析在光合作用研究中的应用[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(6):559-566.
[4] Dai J,Gao H,Dai Y,et al.Changes in activity of energy dissipating mechanisms in wheat flag leaves during senescence[J].Plant Biology,2004,6(2):171-177.
[5] 聂磊,李淑仪,廖新荣,等.沙田柚叶绿素荧光特性及其与叶片矿质元素含量的关系[J].果树科学,1999,16(4):284-288.
[6] 赵长明,王根轩.干旱胁迫对沙冬青叶片防御光破坏机制的影响[J].植物学报,2002,44(11):1309-1313.
[7] Chen H X,Gao H Y,An S Z,et al.Dissipation of excess energy in Mehler-peroxidase reaction in Rumex leaves during salt shock[J].Photosynthetica,2004,42(1):117-122.
[8] 王世绩,陈炳浩,李护群.胡杨林[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1995:141-144.
[9] 苏培玺,张立新,杜明武,等.胡杨不同叶形光合特性、水分利用效率及其对加富CO₂的响应[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(1):34-40.
[10] Wang H L,Yang S D,Zhang C L.The photosynthetic characteristics of differently shaped leaves in Populus euphratica Olivier[J].Photosynthetica,1998,34(4):545-553.
[11] 邱箭,郑彩霞,于文鹏.胡杨多态叶光合速率与荧光特性的比较研究[J].吉林林业科技,2005,34(3):19-21.
[12] 郑彩霞,邱箭,姜春宁,等.胡杨多形叶气孔特征及光合特性的比较[J].林业科学,2006,42(8):19-25.
[13] 王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,等.胡杨异形叶叶绿素荧光特性对高温的响应[J].生态学报,2011,31(9):2444-2453.
[14] 常宗强,冯起,苏永红,等.额济纳绿洲胡杨的光合特征及其对光强和CO₂浓度的响应[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(4):496-502.
[15] 苏永红,冯起,吕世华,等.额济纳生态环境退化及成因分析[J].高原气象,2004,23(2):264-270.
[16] 冯建灿,胡秀丽,毛训甲.叶绿素荧光动力学在研究植物逆境生理中的应用[J].经济林研究,2002,20(4):14-18.
[17] Schansker G,Tóth S Z,Kovács L,et al.Evidence for a fluorescence yield change driven by a light-induced conformational change within photosystem Ⅱ during the fast chlorophyll a fluorescence rise[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics,2011,1807(9):1032-1043.
[18] Strasserf R J,Srivastava A.Polyphasic chlorophyll a fluorescence transient in plants and cyanobacteria[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,1995,61(1):32-42.
[19] Srivastava A,Guissé B,Greppin H,et al.Regulation of antenna structure and electron transport in Photosystem Ⅱ of Pisumsativum under elevated temperature probed by the fast polyphasic chlorophyll a fluorescence transient: OKJIP[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics,1997,1320(1):95-106.
[20] 张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
[21] Ball M C,Butterworth J A,Roden J S,et al.Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence to forest ecology[J].Functional Plant Biology,1995,22(2):311-319.
[22] Strasser R J,Tsimilli-Michael M,Srivastava A.Analysis of the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer,2004:321-362.
[23] Stirbet A.On the relation between the Kautsky effect (chlorophyll a fluorescence induction) and Photosystem Ⅱ: Basics and applications of the OJIP fluorescence transient[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2011,104(1):236-257.
[24] 龚吉蕊,赵爱芬,苏培玺,等.黑河流域几个主要植物种光合特征的比较研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(4):587-592.
[25] Monneveux P,Rekika D,Acevedo E,et al.Effect of drought on leaf gas exchange,carbon isotope discrimination,transpiration efficiency and productivity in field grown durum wheat genotypes[J].Plant Science,2006,170(4):867-872.
[26] 许大全,张玉忠,张荣铣.植物光合作用的光抑制[J].植物生理学通讯,1992,28(4):237-243.
[27] 张亚娟,谢忠奎,赵学勇,等.水分胁迫对东方百合光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及干物质积累的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4): 884-888.
[28] 陈凤丽,靳正忠,李生宇,等.高温对花花柴(Karelinia caspica)光系统Ⅱ的影响[J].中国沙漠,2013,33:1371-1376.
[29] 邱翠花,计玮玮,郭延平.高温强光对温州蜜柑叶绿素荧光,D1蛋白和Deg1蛋白酶的影响及SA效应[J].生态学报,2011,31(13):3802-3810.