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中国沙漠 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 77-82.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

半干旱地区播前灌溉和地膜覆盖对春小麦产量形成的影响

王俊, 李凤民, 贾宇, 李世清, 宋秋华   

  1. 兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2002-08-30 修回日期:2002-10-18 出版日期:2004-02-20 发布日期:2004-02-20
  • 作者简介:王俊(1974-),男(汉族),河南虞城人,博士研究生,主要从事农业生态学研究。E-mail:wjlzu@21cn.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展规划(G2000018603); 国家自然科学基金(39970148)项目资助

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Pre-Sowing Irrigation on Yield Formation of Spring Wheat

WANG Jun, LI Feng-min, JIA Yu, LI Shi-qing, SONG Qiu-hua China   

  • Received:2002-08-30 Revised:2002-10-18 Online:2004-02-20 Published:2004-02-20
  • Contact: 李凤民

摘要: 两年大田试验研究了播前灌溉和地膜覆盖对春小麦产量形成及水分利用的影响。试验设4个处理, 对照(CK)、播种前灌水30mm(W), 覆膜60d(M)和播种前灌水30mm加覆膜60d(WM)。结果表明, 播前灌溉后土壤水分状况得到明显改善, 但由于土壤温度显著下降, 播前灌水会影响春小麦苗期的干物质积累。地膜覆盖在作物生育前期可以改善土壤水温条件, 促进干物质积累, 在后期则会导致土壤水分状况恶化, 导致收获指数的下降, 影响产量的形成和水分利用。在春小麦生产中将播前灌溉与地膜覆盖相结合: 一方面可以在作物出苗时及苗期改善土壤水温条件, 促进作物生长发育; 另一方面在产量形成的关键时期可以通过更好的水分条件去除覆膜的负效, 获得产量和水分利用效率的显著提高。

关键词: 播前灌溉, 地膜覆盖, 春小麦, 产量, 半干旱地区

Abstract: Field experiments were carried out to study effects of plastic film mulching and pre-sowing irrigation on yield formation and water use of spring wheat. Soil temperature declined after pre-sowing irrigation, which is unfavorable for the seedlings growth. The promotion of soil temperature and soil water content under plastic film mulch is favorable for the development and water use of spring wheat in earlier stage, while harmful to harvest index and yield formation in later period. No significant difference in grain yield were showed among treatments of control without irrigation mulching(CK), pre-sowing irrigation(W) and mulching for 60 days(M), while combing pre-sowing irrigation with mulching for 60 d could increase the yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat significantly.

Key words: pre-sowing irrigation, plastic film mulch, spring wheat, yield, semiarid area

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