沙尘影响下海雾过程气溶胶和雾水组分特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00174

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对2010年3月广东湛江东海岛海雾外场观测试验中获得的雾水样本和气溶胶资料进行分析，研究了海雾中气溶胶和雾水组分的特性以及沙尘过程对其演变的影响。结果表明：东海岛的气溶胶数浓度比内陆城市低1个数量级，环境相对清洁，其早晚的峰值明显，午后存在一个低值。气溶胶谱呈单峰分布，峰值半径为0.02~0.1 μm。雾日的气溶胶数浓度明显低于非雾日，最大值分别集中在0.05~0.1 μm和0.1~0.5 μm。雾过程开始后气溶胶数密度下降，尤其是小粒子端数密度减少显著；雾过程结束后气溶胶数密度会恢复到正常数值。受沙尘影响的过程中雾水中Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺明显增加，气溶胶粒子谱拓宽，直径大于1μm的气溶胶数密度高于其他雾过程；沙尘过境后气溶胶谱变窄，数密度显著减少，离子浓度较低。

关键词: 海雾, 气溶胶, 雾水, 离子浓度, 沙尘

Abstract: During sea-fog field observation programs on Donghai Island in Guangdong, China in March 2010, fog water and aerosol spectrum were obtained. We studied the evolution of sea fog water chemical composition and microphysical properties of aerosol, as well as the influence of dust on them. The number concentration of aerosol was one order of magnitude lower than that in other regions. There was bimodal distribution with two peaks around morning and dusk, and a nadir at afternoon. The distribution of aerosol was unimodal, with peak radius at 0.02-0.1 μm. Number concentration of aerosol on fog day was lower than that on non-fog day, the maximum values focused on 0.05-0.1 μm and 0.1-0.5 μm, respectively. Aerosol number density decreased significantly during the fog cases especially in small particles; however, it recovered to the original level after fog dissipation. The analysis on the effect of dust on fog water and aerosol were carried out to indicate that Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in fog water increased significantly with the broaden of aerosol spectrum, and the aerosol number density of diameter larger than 1 μm was higher than that in other cases. When the influence of dust was over, the aerosol spectrum became narrow along with the decline of number density and low ion concentration.

Key words: sea fog, aerosol, fog water, ion concentration, dust

中图分类号:

P426.4

岳岩裕, 牛生杰. 沙尘影响下海雾过程气溶胶和雾水组分特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(5): 1400-1407.

Yue Yanyu, Niu Shengjie. Sea Fog Water Chemical Composition and Aerosol Affected by Dust[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(5): 1400-1407.

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