中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 9-20.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00124
收稿日期:
2022-09-14
修回日期:
2022-09-28
出版日期:
2023-05-20
发布日期:
2023-05-31
作者简介:
卜凡蕊(1999—),女,安徽亳州市人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤风蚀与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: 1556458552@qq.com
基金资助:
Fanrui Bu(), Ying Liu, Xueyong Zou
Received:
2022-09-14
Revised:
2022-09-28
Online:
2023-05-20
Published:
2023-05-31
摘要:
降水对中国东部沙地植被覆盖度产生重要影响,了解植被覆盖度对降水量变化的响应,对制定植被恢复策略具有重要意义。选择毛乌素沙地和科尔沁沙地,使用Landsat系列数据和MODIS数据得到2000—2020年归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据集,用像元二分法分别计算了年内最大和生长季平均的植被覆盖度。结合地面气象站在1999—2020年观测的逐日降水数据,分析了植被覆盖度对降水变化的响应。结果表明:(1)毛乌素沙地和科尔沁沙地的年内最大和生长季平均植被覆盖度均有增长趋势,其中毛乌素沙地的生长季平均植被覆盖度>30%的面积增加最显著,科尔沁沙地>50%的面积增加最显著。(2)这两个沙地的年降水量和四季降水量都呈增加趋势,且有降水变率大和夏季增幅最大的共同特点。(3)毛乌素沙地的年内最大和生长季平均植被覆盖度都对前一年夏季降水量变化的响应最敏感,而在科尔沁沙地则是对当年夏季降水量变化的响应最敏感。(4)不同植被类型对降水量变化发生响应的滞后时间不同。
中图分类号:
卜凡蕊, 刘颖, 邹学勇. 中国东部典型沙地植被覆盖度对降水变化的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2023, 43(3): 9-20.
Fanrui Bu, Ying Liu, Xueyong Zou. Response of vegetation coverage to precipitation change in the typical sandy lands of eastern China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 9-20.
图2 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)与科尔沁沙地(B)年内最大植被覆盖度(Fvc)变化趋势
Fig.2 Variation of the yearly maximum vegetation coverage (Fvc) in Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020
图3 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)和科尔沁沙地(B)不同等级的年内最大植被覆盖度(Fvc)所占区域总面积比例变化(*, P<0.05;×,P>0.05)
Fig.3 Proportion of the yearly maximum vegetation coverage (Fvc) with different levels in the total area of Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020 (* represents P<0.05, × represents P>0.05)
图4 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)和科尔沁沙地(B)年内最大植被覆盖度(Fvc)均值的空间分异
Fig.4 Spatial differentiation of mean values of the yearly maximum vegetation coverage (Fvc) in Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020
图5 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)和科尔沁沙地(B)生长季(6—8月)平均植被覆盖度(Fvc)变化趋势
Fig.5 Variation trend of the mean value of vegetation coverage (Fvc) in growing seasons (June to August) in Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020
图6 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)和科尔沁沙地(B)生长季各月和生长季平均植被覆盖度的空间分异
Fig.6 Spatial differentiation of monthly vegetation coverage and mean vegetation average in growing seasons in Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020
图7 2000—2020年毛乌素沙地(A)和科尔沁沙地(B)不同等级的生长季平均植被覆盖度(Fvc)所占区域总面积比例变化趋势(*,P<0.05;×,P>0.05)
Fig.7 Proportion of vegetation coverage (Fvc) with different levels in growing seasons (June to August) in the total area of Mu Us Sandy Land (A) and Horqin Sandy Land (B) during 2000-2020 (* represents P<0.05, × represents P>0.05)
研究区 | 降水时间 | 年最大植被覆盖度与降水相关性(占比%) | 生长季植被覆盖度与降水相关性(占比%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
显著 正相关 | 不显著 正相关 | 不显著 负相关 | 显著 负相关 | 显著 正相关 | 不显著 正相关 | 不显著 负相关 | 显著 负相关 | |||
毛乌素沙地 | 前一年6—8月 | 46.8 | 45.2 | 7.4 | 0.6 | 52.4 | 41.6 | 5.3 | 0.7 | |
前一年9—11月 | 9.1 | 62.1 | 28.1 | 0.7 | 11.2 | 66.8 | 21.5 | 0.5 | ||
前一年12月至当年2月 | 5.8 | 70.8 | 22.6 | 0.8 | 9.8 | 65.4 | 23.8 | 1.0 | ||
当年3—5月 | 7.0 | 76.2 | 16.7 | 0.1 | 13.9 | 72.5 | 13.5 | 0.1 | ||
当年6—8月 | 13.2 | 70.6 | 15.8 | 0.4 | 18.0 | 71.0 | 10.6 | 0.4 | ||
科尔沁沙地 | 前一年6—8月 | 7.0 | 61.3 | 30.7 | 1.0 | 7.1 | 64.7 | 27.3 | 0.9 | |
前一年9—11月 | 1.6 | 66.6 | 31.1 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 65.9 | 30.6 | 1.2 | ||
前一年12月至当年2月 | 2.1 | 60.9 | 36.4 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 68.4 | 27.4 | 0.4 | ||
当年3—5月 | 9.8 | 51.7 | 35.0 | 3.5 | 13.8 | 56.4 | 27.7 | 2.1 | ||
当年6—8月 | 28.4 | 60.7 | 10.6 | 0.3 | 22.4 | 65.8 | 11.4 | 0.4 |
表1 不同季节降水量同植被覆盖度的相关性( P<0.05)
Table 1 Correlation between precipitation in different seasons and vegetation coverage ( P<0.05)
研究区 | 降水时间 | 年最大植被覆盖度与降水相关性(占比%) | 生长季植被覆盖度与降水相关性(占比%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
显著 正相关 | 不显著 正相关 | 不显著 负相关 | 显著 负相关 | 显著 正相关 | 不显著 正相关 | 不显著 负相关 | 显著 负相关 | |||
毛乌素沙地 | 前一年6—8月 | 46.8 | 45.2 | 7.4 | 0.6 | 52.4 | 41.6 | 5.3 | 0.7 | |
前一年9—11月 | 9.1 | 62.1 | 28.1 | 0.7 | 11.2 | 66.8 | 21.5 | 0.5 | ||
前一年12月至当年2月 | 5.8 | 70.8 | 22.6 | 0.8 | 9.8 | 65.4 | 23.8 | 1.0 | ||
当年3—5月 | 7.0 | 76.2 | 16.7 | 0.1 | 13.9 | 72.5 | 13.5 | 0.1 | ||
当年6—8月 | 13.2 | 70.6 | 15.8 | 0.4 | 18.0 | 71.0 | 10.6 | 0.4 | ||
科尔沁沙地 | 前一年6—8月 | 7.0 | 61.3 | 30.7 | 1.0 | 7.1 | 64.7 | 27.3 | 0.9 | |
前一年9—11月 | 1.6 | 66.6 | 31.1 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 65.9 | 30.6 | 1.2 | ||
前一年12月至当年2月 | 2.1 | 60.9 | 36.4 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 68.4 | 27.4 | 0.4 | ||
当年3—5月 | 9.8 | 51.7 | 35.0 | 3.5 | 13.8 | 56.4 | 27.7 | 2.1 | ||
当年6—8月 | 28.4 | 60.7 | 10.6 | 0.3 | 22.4 | 65.8 | 11.4 | 0.4 |
图9 研究区年内最大植被覆盖度、生长季平均植被覆盖度与不同季节降水量相关性的空间分异(P<0.05)。A和B分别为毛乌素沙地年内最大植被覆盖度和生长季平均植被覆盖度与不同季节降水量相关性的空间分异,C和D分别为科尔沁沙地年内最大植被覆盖度和生长季平均植被覆盖度与不同季节降水量相关性的空间分异
Fig.9 Spatial differentiation of the correlation between the maximum vegetation coverage, the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons and precipitation in different seasons in the study areas (P<0.05). (A) and (B) represents the maximum vegetation coverage, the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons and precipitation in different seasons in Mu Us Sandy Land, respectively. (C) and (D) represents the maximum vegetation coverage, the average vegetation coverage in growing seasons and precipitation in different seasons in Horqin Sandy Land, respectively
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