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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 321-332.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00051

• • 上一篇    下一篇

沙区柔性支架光伏阵列对风沙运动的影响

杨焱秋1(), 刘静3, 蒙仲举1,2(), 孟芮冰1, 蔡佳乐1, 高岳1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学,沙漠治理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.内蒙古农业大学,旱区水工程生态环境全国重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    3.水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-08 修回日期:2026-04-10 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 蒙仲举
  • 作者简介:杨焱秋(2002—),女,内蒙古通辽人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为荒漠化防治。E-mail: yangyanqiu0221@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古重点研发项目(2025YFHH0151);内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院开放课题(KF2024ZD02);内蒙古自治区水利科研专项(NSK2025-03)

Impact of flexible-support photovoltaic arrays on wind-sand movement in desert regions

Yanqiu Yang1(), Jing Liu3, Zhongju Meng1,2(), Ruibing Meng1, Jiale Cai1, Yue Gao1   

  1. 1.College of Desert Control Science and Engineering /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China
    3.Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China
  • Received:2026-01-08 Revised:2026-04-10 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-08-27
  • Contact: Zhongju Meng

摘要:

随着新能源+治沙模式的大力推广,光伏治沙因显著的防风固沙效应与改良土壤能力而被广泛应用。现对光伏治沙研究多关于传统刚性光伏支架,其生态效应与风沙调控机制已较为明确,而关于柔性支架的风沙输移特征尚不明晰。基于此,本文选取风沙活动强烈的柔性支架光伏电站为研究对象,在光伏阵列上风向、内部及下风向等典型部位设置观测点,通过HOBO小型气象站和阶梯式集沙仪测定风速变化和输沙情况。结果表明:柔性支架光伏阵列明显削弱了近地表气流,阵列各位置风速整体低于对照组22%~49%,且风速衰减程度随着深入阵列逐渐增强。阵列的布设提高了下垫面粗糙度,并改变了风速垂直分布结构,阵列内部10~300 cm随高度增加防风效能逐渐减小,但在300~400 cm高度层防风效能出现明显回升。光伏阵列内部风沙流状态发生明显转变,对照组(λ=2.128)、阵列上风向(λ=1.901)和阵列内部(λ=1.648)以风蚀为主,阵列下风向(λ=0.873)风沙流结构表现为堆积特征。阵列下风向较其他位置输沙率更低。因此,柔性支架光伏阵列的架设能够改变气流场分布,有效减缓风蚀过程速率。

关键词: 太阳能, 柔性光伏支架, 气流场, 风沙流结构, 库布齐沙漠

Abstract:

With the vigorous promotion of the “new energy + desertification control” model, photovoltaic (PV) desertification control has been widely applied owing to its strong windbreak and sand-fixation effects and its capacity to improve soil conditions. At present, research on PV-based desertification control has mainly focused on traditional rigid mounting systems, for which ecological effects and aeolian sand regulation mechanisms have been relatively well established, whereas the aeolian sand transport characteristics associated with flexible mounting systems remain unclear. In this study, a flexible-mount PV power plant located in an area of intense aeolian activity was selected as the research object. Monitoring points were arranged at typical positions of the PV array, including the upwind side, the interior, and the downwind side. Wind speed variations and sand transport were measured using HOBO compact meteorological stations and stepwise sand traps. The results indicate that the flexible-mount PV array markedly weakens near-surface airflow. Wind speeds at all positions within the array were generally lower than those at the control site, with reductions ranging from 22% to 49%, and the degree of wind speed attenuation increased progressively from the upwind side toward the interior of the array. The installation of the array increased surface roughness and modified the vertical structure of the wind speed profile. Within the array, windbreak efficiency gradually decreased with height from 10 cm to 300 cm, but exhibited a distinct increase in the 300-400 cm layer. The aeolian sand flow regime within the PV array underwent a clear transition. Wind erosion dominated at the control site (λ = 2.128), the upwind side of the array (λ = 1.901), and the array interior (λ = 1.648), whereas the aeolian sand flow structure at the downwind side of the array showed depositional characteristics (λ = 0.873). The sand transport rate at the downwind side of the array was lower than that at other positions. Therefore, the deployment of flexible-mount PV arrays can modify airflow field distributions and effectively reduce the rate of wind erosion processes.

Key words: solar energy, flexible photovoltaic support, airflow field, wind-sand flow structure, Kubuqi Desert

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